Automation in Decision OODA: Loop, Spiral or Fractal

Anupam Tiwari *, Adarsh Tiwari **
* Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineers, New Delhi, India.
** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineeering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Periodicity:July - December'2020
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.9.2.18116

Abstract

Decision is a process which is dependent on environment, knowledge which includes cognitive domain and technology. Observe-Orient-Decide-Act (OODA) for decision has been first given by Fighter Pilot John “Boyd” of US in 1942. In Boyd OODA loop the “Time” of the loop is very important, which means that the OODA loop time should be faster than the opponent OODA loop time to win the conflict/game. Other domains of the decision theory includes game theory, fuzziness, chaos theory, cognitive science, computational data analytics and big data with Artificial Intelligence (AI), etc. The improvised OODA loop also has feedback and feed-forward loops. There are various variants improvised of Boyd's OODA like Team- OODA (T- OODA), Cognitive-OODA (C-OODA), etc. This paper is proposing Fractal-OODA concept which means that each phase like Observe, Orient, Decide and Act has its own internal OODA loop with different timings. At the end as time progresses it will become Fractal-OODA. The Fractal Dimension (FD) of OODA will give the complexity of decision, low FD of OODA (easy or simple decision) and high FD (complex decision). Modern decisions are enabled with AI technologies with Human out-of-the-loop so that decisions are scientific based on AI and probability of errors are less.

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, OODA, Team-OODA, Cognitive-OODA, Fractals, Fractal Dimension.

How to Cite this Article?

Tiwari, A., and Tiwari, A. (2020). Automation in Decision OODA: Loop, Spiral or Fractal. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 9(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.9.2.18116

References

[1]. Almasri, M. M., & Elleithy, K. M. (2014, April). Data fusion models in WSNs: Comparison and analysis. In Proceedings of the 2014 Zone 1 Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education (pp. 1-6). IEEE. https://doi.org/ 10.1109/ASEEZone1.2014.6820642
[2]. Angerman, W. S. (2004). Coming full circle with Boyd's OODA loop ideas: An analysis of innovation diffusion and evolution (Postgraduate Thesis). Air Force Institute of Technology, Ohio, USA.
[3]. Boyd, J. R. (1976). Destruction and creation. Retrieved from http://goalsys.com/books/documents/DESTRUCTI ON_AND_CREATION.pdf
[4]. Breton, R., & Rousseau, R. (2005, June). The C-OODA: A cognitive version of the OODA loop to represent C2 activities. In Proceedings of the 10th International Command and Control Research Technology Symposium.
[5]. Dreier, A. S. (2012). Strategy, planning and litigating to win: orchestrating trial outcomes with systems theory, psychology, military science and utility theory. Telos Press.
[6]. Kelly, C. M. G. (2016). The F-35 New OODA loop. US Naval Institute Proceedings, 142(3), 24-28.
[7]. Osinga, F. P. (2007). Science, strategy and war: The strategic theory of John Boyd. Routledge.
[8]. Render, P. M. (2010). Maneuver of fixed‐wing combat aircraft. In Blockley, R., & Shyy, W. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering. John Wiley & Sons.
[9]. Richards, C. (2004). Certain to win: The strategy of John Boyd, applied to business. Xlibris Corporation.
[10]. Senne, K. D., & Condon, G. R. (2007). Integrated sensing and decision support. Lincoln Laboratory Journal, 16(2), 237-243. Retrieved from https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/ pdfs/AD1014846.pdf
[11]. Stephens, D. (2013, September 19). Understanding the OODA loop. POLICE Magazine. Retrieved from https:// www.policemag.com/341024/understanding-the-oodaloop
[12]. Yu, S. (2019). Lessons Learned in Automated Decision Making / How to delay building Skynet. In RSA Conference 2019 (March 4-6, 2019), Moscone Center, San Francisco, USA.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Pdf 35 35 200 20
Online 35 35 200 15
Pdf & Online 35 35 400 25

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.