The current examination has been done as a fundamental advance to contemplate the general groundwater – surface water interaction along River Jhelum in Valley of Kashmir. Generally, water table occurs at relatively deeper levels in plateau lands and at shallower depths in low-lying areas. The precise sampling has been carried out throughout the River Jhelum and its tributaries in the months of January and February in Srinagar and other districts, with a view to understand the source of major ions (Ca^2+, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, HCO^3-, Cl^-, SO₄^2-) in the groundwater of the territory under examination. About nineteen representative wells (bore wells, dug wells, springs) were selected for a baseline study to comprehend the groundwater – surface interaction along River Jhelum and to assess the overall hydro-geochemical characteristics and suitability of groundwater for drinking and agricultural purposes. The predominant chemical character of groundwater and surface water as well as relative abundance of major ions has been evaluated on Piper Tri-linear diagram and three water groups were identified. The concentrations of major ions in the groundwater and surface water of the area under study are well within the maximum permissible limits as per the specifications of the World Health Organization for drinking purposes. The low sodium hazard and slightly high salinity along with safe to moderate category of water in terms of left over sodiumcarbonate (RSC) document the suitability of groundwater for agricultural purposes.