References
[1]. Askar, P., & Davenport, D. (2009). An investigation of
factors related to self-efficacy for Java Programming
among engineering students. Online Submission, 8(1).
[2]. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying
theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2),
191-215. https://doi.org/doi/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
[3]. Bishop-Clark, C., Courte, J., Evans, D., & Howard, E. V.
(2007). A quantitative and qualitative investigation of using
Alice programming to improve confidence, enjoyment
and achievement among non-majors. Journal of
Educational Computing Research, 37(2), 193-207.
https://doi.org/10.2190FJ8W3-74U6-Q064-12J5
[4]. Brennan, K., & Resnick, M. (2012, April). New
frameworks for studying and assessing the development of
computational thinking. In Proceedings of the 2012 Annual
Meeting of the American Educational Research
Association, (Vol. 1, p. 25).
[5]. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç, Ç. E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş.,
& Demirel, F. (2018). Scientific Research Methods. Pegem
Citation Index, 1-360.
[6]. Çatlak, Ş., Tekdal, M., & Fatih, B. A. Z. (2015). Scratch
yazılımı ile programlama öğretiminin durumu: Bir doküman
inceleme çalışması. Journal of Instructional Technologies
& Teacher Education, 4(3), 13-25.
[7]. Carter, J., & Jenkins, T. (1999, June). Gender and
programming: What's going on? In Proceedings of the 4th
Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE ITiCSE Conference on Innovation
and Technology in Computer Science Education (pp. 1-4).
https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305824
[8]. Czerkawski, B. C., & Lyman, E. W. (2015). Exploring
issues about computational thinking in higher education.
Tech Trends, 59(2), 57- 65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-
015-0840-3
[9]. Davidson, K., Larzon, L., & Ljunggren, K. (2010).
Selfefficacy in programming among STS students.
[10]. Demir, Ö., & Seferoğlu, S. S. (2017). Yeni kavramlar,
farklı kullanımlar: Bilgi-işlemsel düşünmeyle ilgili bir
değerlendirme. Eğitim teknolojileri okumaları içinde, 801-
830.
[11]. Demirer, V., & Nurcan, S. A. K. (2016). Programming education and new approaches around the world and in
Turkey/Dünyada ve Türkiye'de programlama eğitimi ve yeni
yaklaşımlar. Eğitimde Kuram ve Uygulama, 12(3), 521-546.
[12]. Esteves, M., & Mendes, A. J. (2004, October). A
simulation tool to help learning of object oriented
programming basics. In 34th Annual Frontiers in Education
(pp. F4C-7). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2004.1408649
[13]. Fadjo, C. L. (2012). Developing computational
thinking through grounded embodied cognition (Doctoral
dissertation, Columbia University). https://doi.org/10.7916/
D88058PP
[14]. García-Peñalvo, F. J., & Mendes, A. J. (2018),
Exploring the computational thinking effects in preuniversity
education, Computers in Human Behavior, 80,
407-411 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.12.005
[15]. George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows
Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 17.0 (10th Ed.)
Boston: Pearson.
[16]. Gomes, A., & Mendes, A. J. (2007, September).
Learning to program-difficulties and solutions. In
International Conference on Engineering Education
–(ICEE).
[17]. Grover, S., & Pea, R. (2013). Computational thinking in
K–12: A review of the state of the field. Educational
Researcher, 42(1), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.3102%2
F0013189X12463051
[18].Gülbahar, Y. (2018). Bilgiişlem seldüşün meden
programlamaya. In Y Gülbahar (Ed.), Bilgiişlem
seldüşünmeve programlama konusundadeğişim
vedönüşümler (pp. 395-410). Ankara: Pegem Akademi. 16.
Bölüm.
[19]. Guzdial, M. (2008). Paving the way for computational
thinking. Communications of the ACM, 51(8), 25-27.
https://doi.org/10.1145/1378704.1378713
[20]. Howland, K., & Good, J. (2015). Learning to
communicate computationally with Flip: A bi-modal
programming language for game creation. Computers &
Education, 80, 224-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.com
pedu.2014.08.014
[21]. International Society for Technology in Education-
ISTE. (2018). Computational Thinking for All.
[22]. Isa, N. A. M., & Derus, S. R. M. (2017). Students
experience in learning Fundamental Programming: An
analysis by gender perception. Advanced Journal of
Technical and Vocational Education, 1(1), 240-248.
[23]. Kalelioglu, F., Gulbahar, Y., & Kukul, V. (2014). The
Effects of Teaching Programming via Scratch on Problem
Solving Skills: A Discussion from Learners' Perspective.
Informatics in Education, 13(1), 33-50.
[24]. Kalelioğlu, F., Gülbahar, Y., & Kukul, V. (2016). A
framework for computational thinking based on a
systematic research review. Baltic J. Modern Computing,
4(3), 583-596.
[25]. Kasalak, İ. (2017). Effects of robotic coding activities
on the effectiveness of secondary school students' selfefficacy
and student experience about activities, (Master
Thesis, Hacettepe University,)
[26]. Karabak, D. & Güneş, A . (2013) OrtaokulBirinciSınıf
Öğrencileriİç in Yazılım Geliştirme A lanın da Müfredat
Önerisi. Eğitimve ÖğretimA raştırmaları Dergisi 2(3), 175-
181.
[27]. Kazimoglu, C., Kiernan, M., Bacon, L., & Mackinnon,
L. (2012). A serious game for developing computational
thinking and learning introductory computer programming.
Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 47, 1991-1999.
https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.sbspro.2012. 06.938
[28]. Khan, A. F. (2015). Assessment of midlife career stress
on Indian managers. (Master Thesis. Aligarh Muslim
University).
[29]. Kirmit, Ş., Dönmez, İ., & Çataltaş, H. E. (2018). Üstün
Yeteekli Öğrencilerin Bilgisayarca Düşünme Becerilerinin
İncelenmesi. Journal of STEM Education, 1(2), 17-26.
[30]. Kobsiripat, W., (2015). Effects of the Media to Promote
the Scratch Programming Capabilities Creativity of
Elementary School Students. Procedia-Social and
Behavioral Sciences, 174, 227-232. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.651
[31]. Korkmaz, Ö., Çakır, R., Özden, M. Y., Oluk, A., &
Sarıoğlu, S. (2015). Bireylerin bilgisayarca düşünme
becerilerinin farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi.
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(2),
68-87. https//doi.org/10.7822/omuefd.34.2.5
[32]. Korkmaz, Ö., Çakır, R., & Özden, M. Y. (2015).
Computational thinking levels scale adaptation for
secondary school level. Journal on Educational Science
1(2), 143-162.
[33]. Kukul, V., & Gökçearslan, Ş. (2014 September).
Investigatıng the problem solving skills of students attended scratch programming course. 8th International Computer
& Instructional Technologies Symposium, (pp.18-20),
Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
[34]. Lau, W. W. F., & Yuen, A. H. K. (2009), Exploring the
effects of gender and learning styles on computer
programming performance: Implications for programming
pedagogy. British Journal of Educational Technology,
40(4), 696-712. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1467-
8535.2008.00847.x
[35]. Lee, I., Martin, F., Denner, J., Coulter, B., Allan, W.,
Erickson, J., Malyn-Smith, J. & Werner, L. (2011).
Computational thinking for youth in practice. Acm Inroads,
2(1), 32-37. https://doi.org/10.1145/1929887.1929902
[36]. Lye, S. Y., & Koh, J. H. L. (2014). Review on teaching
and learning of computational thinking through
programming: What is next for K-12? Computers in Human
Behavior, 41, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.20
14.09.012
[37]. Mazman, S. G., & Altun, A. (2013). The effect of
Introductory to programming course on programming selfefficacy
of CEIT students. Journal of Instructional
Technologies and Teacher Education, 2(3), 24-29.
[38]. Monroy-Hernández, A., & Resnick, M. (2008). Feature
empowering kids to create and share programmable
media. Interactions, 15(2), 50-53. https://doi.org/10.1145/
1340961.1340974
[39]. Mıhcı-Türker, P., & Pala, F. K. (2018). Opinions of
secondary school students, teachers and parents about
coding. Elementary Education Online, 17(4), 2013-2029.
[40]. Oluk, A., & Korkmaz, Ö. (2016). Comparing students'
scratch skills with their computational thinking skills in terms
of different variables. International Journal of Modern
Education and Computer Science, 8(11), 1-7. https//
doi.org/10.5815 /ijmecs.2 016.11.01
[41]. Ozoran, D., Cagiltay, N., & Topalli, D. (2012). Using scratch in introduction to programming course for
engineering students. In 2nd International Engineering
Education Conference (IEEC2012), (Vol. 2, pp. 125-132).
[42]. Ozcinar, H., Yecan, E., & Tanyeri, T. (2016). Öğretmen
gözüyle görsel programlama öğretimi. Proceeding Book,
71.
[43]. Pala, F. K., & Mihci Türker, P. (2019a). The effects of
different programming trainings on the computational
thinking skills. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1635495
[44]. Pala, F. K., & Mıhcı-Türker, P. (2019b). Öğretmen
Adaylarının Programlama Eğitimine Yönelik Görüşleri.
Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 12(1), 116-
134. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.399921
[45]. Penmetcha, M. R. (2012). Exploring the effectiveness
of robotics as a vehicle for computational thinking
(Doctoral dissertation. Purdue University).
[46]. Rizvi, M., Humphries, T., Major, D., Jones, M., & Lauzun,
H. (2011). A CS0 course using Scratch. Journal of
Computing Sciences in Colleges, 26(3), 19-27.
[47]. Sayın, Z., & Seferoğlu, S. S. (2016). Yeni bir 21. yüzyıl
becerisi olarak kodlama eğitimi ve kodlamanın eğitim
politikalarına etkisi. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı, 3-5.
[48]. Scragg, G., & Smith, J. (1998, March). A study of
barriers to women in undergraduate computer science. In
Proceedings of the twenty-ninth SIGCSE Technical
Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 82-86).
https://doi.org/10.1145/273133.273167
[49]. Shin, S., Park, P., & Bae, Y. (2013). The effects of an
information-technology gifted program on friendship using
scratch programming language and clutter. International
Journal of Computer and Communication Engineering,
2(3), 246-249. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJCCE.2013.V2.181
[50]. Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking.
Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35. https://doi.org/
10.1145/1118178.1118215
[51]. Wing, J. M. (2008). Computational thinking and
thinking about computing. Philosophical Transactions of
the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and
Engineering Sciences, 366(1881), 3717-3725.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0118
[52]. Yadav, A., Zhou, N., Mayfield, C., Hambrusch, S., &
Korb, J. T. (2011). Introducing computational thinking in
education courses. Proceedings of the 42nd ACM Technical
Symposium on Computer Science Education, (pp. 465-
470). https://doi.org/10.1145/1953163.1953297
[53]. Yıldız, M., & Çiftçi, E. (2017). BilişimselDüşünme and
Programlama. In H. F. Odabaşı, B. Akkoyunlu, & A. İşman
(Eds.), Eğitimteknolojileriokumaları 2017 (Chapter 5, pp.
75-86). Adapazarı: TOJET and SakaryaÜniversitesi.
[54]. Yukselturk, E., & Altiok, S. (2017). An investigation of the
effects of programming with Scratch on the preservice IT
teachers' self-efficacy perceptions and attitudes towards
computer programming. British Journal of Educational
Technology, 48(3), 789-801. https://doi.org/10.1111
/bjet.12453
[55]. Yükseltürk, E., & Altıok, S. (2018). Blok tabanlı
programlama. Pegem Atıf İndeksi, 241-266.
