References
[1]. Attle, S., & Baker, B. (2007). Cooperative learning in a competitive environment: Classroom applications. International Journal of Teaching & Learning in Higher Education, 19(1), 77-83.
[2]. Balan, J. (2014). English Global Dominance and the Other Languages of Higher Education & Research. Colombia Global Centre, Colombia University.
[3]. Benson, P., & Voller, P. (2014). Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning. Routledge.
[4]. Blumenfeld, P. C. (1992). Classroom learning and motivation: Clarifying and expanding goal theory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84 (3), 272-281. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.272
[5]. Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1), 32-42. https://doi.org/10.3102/001318 9X018001032
[6]. Chang, K. E., Sung, Y. T., & Chen, I. D. (2002). The effect of concept mapping to enhance text comprehension and summarization. The Journal of Experimental Education, 71(1), 5-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220970209602054
[7]. Cunningham, D. J. (1991). Assessing constructions and constructing assessments: A dialogue. Educational Technology, 31(5), 13-17.
[8]. Dennen, V. P. (2004). Cognitive apprenticeship in educational practice: Research on scaffolding, modeling, mentoring, and coaching as instructional strategies. In D.H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (pp. 813-828).
[9]. Dyson, B., & Grineski, S. (2001). Using cooperative learning structures in physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 72(2), 28-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2001.10605831
[10]. Erling, E. J. (2017). Language planning, English language education and development aid in Bangladesh. Current Issues in Language Planning, 18(4), 388-406. https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2017. 1331496
[11]. Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6(4), 50-72. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1937-8327.1993.tb00605.x
[12]. Harmer, J. (2008). How to teach English. ELT Journal, 62(3), 313-316. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccn029
[13]. Hartman, H. (2002). Scaffolding & Cooperative Learning. Human Learning and Instruction (pp. 23-69). New York: City College of City University of New York.
[14]. Humphries, S., & Burns, A. (2015). 'In reality it's almost impossible': CLT- oriented curriculum change. ELT Journal, 69(3), 239-248. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccu081
[15]. Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1999). Making cooperative learning work. Theory into Practice, 38(2), 67- 73. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849909543834
[16]. Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Holubec, E. J. (1994). The New Circles of Learning: Cooperation in the Classroom and School. ASCD.
[17]. Jacobs, G. M., & Farrell, T. S. (2003). Understanding and implementing the CLT (Communicative Language Teaching) paradigm. RELC Journal, 34(1), 5-30. https://doi. org/10.1177/003368820303400102
[18]. Kagan, S. (1989). The structural approach to cooperative learning. Educational Leadership, 47(4), 12- 15.
[19]. Karim, J. S. (2018). The Role of Classroom Environment in Learning English in Bangladesh: HSC Level (Doctoral Dissertation, East West University).
[20]. Kayi-Aydar, H. (2013). Scaffolding language learning in an academic ESL classroom. ELT Journal, 67(3), 324-335. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/cct016
[21]. Kosnik, C., Menna, L., Dharamshi, P., & Beck, C. (2018). Constructivism as a framework for literacy teacher education courses: The cases of six literacy teacher educators. European Journal of Teacher Education, 41(1), 105-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2017.1372742
[22]. Li, D. (1998). “It's always more difficult than you plan and imagine”: Teachers' perceived difficulties in introducing the communicative approach in South Korea. TESOL Quarterly, 32(4), 677-703. https://doi.org/10.2307/ 3588000
[23]. Liang, T. (2002). Implementing Cooperative Learning in EFL Teaching: Process and Effects. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan.
[24]. Littlewood, W. (2007). Communicative and taskbased language teaching in East Asian classrooms. Language Teaching, 40(3), 243-249. https://doi.org/ 10.1017/S0261444807004363
[25]. Mamun, M. M., Sultana, N. & Shayeekh-Us-Saleheen, M. (2011). Classroom Practices in Teaching English at Tertiary Level in Bangladesh. Eastern University Journal, 3(2), 91-101.
[26]. Manzer, J. P., & Bialik, D. M. (1997). Team and group learning strategies for business and economics classes. In Business Education Forum (Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 32-35).
[27]. McKenzie, J. (1999). How Teachers Learn Technology Best. Bellingham, WA: Fno Press.
[28]. Peyar, A. (2011). CLT in Theory and Practice (Doctoral Dissertation), East West University.
[29]. Rahman, M. (2015). Teaching English at HSC Level in Bangladesh: An empirical appraisal. ASA University Review, 9(1), 203-216.
[30]. Richardson, L. (2003). Writing: A method of inquiry. In Lincoln, Y. S., & Denzin, N. K. (Eds). Turning Points in Qualitative Research: Tying Knots in a Handkerchief (pp. 379-396). Walnet Greek, CA: Alta Mira Press.
[31]. Rouf, M. A., & Sultana, K. N. (2015). Learner Role in CLT: Practices in the Higher Secondary Classrooms. Journal of NELTA, 20(1-2), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v20i1- 2.19775
[32]. Skehan, P. (2003). Task-based instruction. Language Teaching, 36(1), 1-14.
[33.] Steffe, L. P., & Gale, J. E. (Eds.). (1995). Constructivism in Education (p. 159). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
[34]. Ventimiglia, L. M. (1994). Cooperative Learning at the College Level. Thought and Action, 9(2), 5-30.
[35]. Wood, D., Bruner, J. S., & Ross, G. (1976). The role of tutoring in problem solving. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 17(2), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j. 1469-7610.1976.tb00381.x