i-manager Publications

Improving the Qos Performance of Dymo Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

P. M. Manohar*, S. Pallamsetty**

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science Engineering, JNTUK, Kakinada, AndhraPradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, AUCE (A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, AndhraPradesh, India.

Periodicity:June - August'2018
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jcom.6.2.15062

Abstract

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are the key technology for the efficient utilization of spectrum in wireless networks in a dynamic manner. Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) using cognitive radio (CR) capability (CR-MANETs) has opened many areas of research. Among them routing in CR-MANETs is a challenging issue. Dynamic MANET On-Demand (DYMO) routing protocol is the successor of Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol. The drawback of AODV is that it does not support larger networks. It is resolved by DYMO routing protocol as it scales larger networks. But, DYMO does not support small network sizes with low mobility speeds. In this paper, CR-DYMO routing protocol for MANETs using cognitive capabilities is proposed using CogNS simulation framework to enhance the QoS performance for all network sizes. The simulations are evaluated using the various performance metrics, such as Average Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Average End-to-End Delay, Routing overhead, Normalized Routing Load, Mean Jitter, Energy Consumed, and Energy Left through responsive (TCP) and non-responsive (UDP) traffic agents. From the results, it is observed that the Modified CR-DYMO routing protocol performs better when compared to DYMO and defacto CR-DYMO through the above-mentioned performance metrics under TCP and UDP traffic agents.

Keywords

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN), Cognitive Radio-Mobile Ad hoc Network(CR- MANET), Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), Network Simulator 2 (NS2), Dynamic MANET On- Demand (DYMO) Routing Protocol, Spectrum hole, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA), Performance Evaluation

How to Cite this Article?

Manohar, P.M.,& Setty ,S.P. (2018). Improving the Qos Performance of Dymo Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks. i-manager’s Journal on Computer Science, 6(2),16-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcom.6.2.15062

References

[1]. Akan, O. B., Karli, O. B., & Ergul, O. (2009). Cognitive radio sensor networks. IEEE Network, 23(4), 34-40.

[2]. Akyildiz, I. F., Lee, W. Y., & Chowdhury, K. R. (2009). CRAHNs: Cognitive radio ad hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 7(5), 810-836.

[3]. Akyildiz, I. F., Lee, W. Y., Vuran, M. C., & Mohanty, S. (2006). Next generation/dynamic spectrum access/ cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey. Computer Networks, 50(13), 2127-2159.

[4]. Attada, V., & Setty, S. P. (2015). Cross layer design approach to enhance the quality of service in mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 84(1), 305-319.

[5]. Bhrugubanda, M. (2014). A survey on simulators for cognitive radio network. IJCSIT, 5(3), 4760-4761.

[6]. Bolch, G., Greiner, S., De Meer, H., & Trivedi, K. S. (2006). Queueing Networks and Markov Chains: Modeling and Performance Evaluation with Computer Science Applications. John Wiley & Sons.

[7]. Cacciapuoti, A. S., Calcagno, C., Caleffi, M., & Paura, L. (2010, October). CAODV: Routing in mobile ad-hoc cognitive radio networks. In Wireless Days (WD), 2010 IFIP (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[8]. Calvo, R. A., & Campo, J. P. (2007). Adding Multiple Interface Support in NS-2. University of Cantabria.

[9]. Cavin, D., Sasson, Y., & Schiper, A. (2002, October). On the accuracy of MANET simulators. In Proceedings of the Second ACM International Workshop on Principles of Mobile Computing (pp. 38-43). ACM.

[10]. Cesana, M., Cuomo, F., & Ekici, E. (2011). Routing in cognitive radio networks: Challenges and solutions. Ad Hoc Networks, 9(3), 228-248.

[11]. Chiueh, T. C., Raniwala, A., Krishnan, Gopalan, R., & Hyacinth, K. (2011). An IEEE 802.11 based Multichannel Wireless Mesh Network . Retrieved from http://www.ecsl.cs.sunysb.edu/multichannel/.Accessed on 11 January 2017

[12]. Chlamtac, I., Conti, M., & Liu, J. J. N. (2003). Mobile ad hoc networking: Imperatives and challenges. Ad Hoc Networks, 1(1), 13-64.

[13]. Chuah, M. C., & Zhang, Q. (2005). Design and Performance of 3G Wireless Networks and Wireless LANs. Springer Science & Business Media.

[14]. Communications Commission. (2002). Spectrum Policy Task Force (November, 2002). Rep. ET Docket no.02-135.

[15]. Cormio, C., & Chowdhury, K. R. (2009). A survey on MAC protocols for cognitive radio networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 7(7), 1315-1329.

[16]. Di Felice, M., Chowdhury, K. R., Kim, W., Kassler, A., & Bononi, L. (2011). End-to-end protocols for cognitive radio ad hoc networks: An evaluation study. Performance Evaluation, 68(9), 859-875.

[17]. Dutta, N., & Sarma, H. K. D. (2017). A probability based stable routing for cognitive radio adhoc networks. Wireless Networks, 23(1), 65-78.

[18]. Esmaeelzadeh, V., Berangi, R., Sebt, S. M., Hosseini, E. S., & Parsinia, M. (2013). CogNS: A simulation framework for cognitive radio networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 72(4), 2849-2865.

[19]. Federal Communications Commission (FCC). (2008). Unlicensed operation in the TVbroad- castbands.

[20]. Gast, M. (2005). 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide. O'Reilly Media, Inc.

[21]. Haykin, S. (2005). Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 23(2), 201-220.

[22]. Hoebeke, J., Moerman, I., Dhoedt, B., & Demeester, P. (2004). An overview of mobile ad hoc networks: Applications and challenges. Journal-Communications Network, 3(3), 60-66.

[23]. Hogie, L., Bouvry, P., & Guinand, F. (2006). An overview of MANETs simulation. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 150(1), 81-101.

[24]. Issariyakul, T., Pillutla, L. S., & Krishnamurthy, V. (2009). Tuning radio resource in an overlay cognitive radio network for TCP: Greed isn't good. IEEE Communications Magazine, 47(7), 57-63.

[25]. Jörg, D. O. (2003). Performance comparison of MANET routing protocols in different network sizes. Computer Networks & Distributed Systems.

[26]. Kamruzzaman, S. M. (2010). CR-MAC: A multichannel MAC protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1009.4521.

[27]. Kolodzy, P. (2001, October). Next generation communications: Kickoff meeting. In Proc. DARPA (Vol. 10).

[28]. Lee, W. Y., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2008). Optimal spectrum sensing framework for cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 7(10), 3845- 3857.

[29]. Mahamuni, S., Mishra, V., & Wadhai, V. M. (2011). Performance evaluation of AODV routing protocol in Cognitive Radio Ad-hoc Network. International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks (IJWMN), 3(5), 65-74.

[30]. Mansoor, N., Islam, A. M., Zareei, M., Baharun, S., Wakabayashi, T., & Komaki, S. (2015). Cognitive radio ad-hoc network architectures: A survey. Wireless Personal Communications, 81(3), 1117-1142.

[31]. Mitola, J. III (2001). Cognitive Radio for Flexible Mobile Multimedia Communications. Mobile Networks and Applications, 6(5), 435-441.

[32]. Mitola, J. (2000). Cognitive radio-an integrated agent architecture for software defined radio (Doctoral Dissertation Royal Institute of Technology).

[33]. Pathak, V., Roy, D., Chandra, K., & Singh, S. K. (2010). Cross Layer Aware Adaptive MAC based on Knowledge based Reasoning for Cognitive Radio Computer Networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1006.3374.

[34]. Proakis, J. G. (2001). Digital Communications.

[35]. Rout, A., & Sethi, S. (2013). Throughput analysis of spectrum in cognitive radio ad hoc network. International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), 2(8), 502-506.

[36]. Ruslan, R., Saian, R., & Teramizi, N. M. (2014, January). Performance analysis of AODV and WCETT routing protocols in cognitive radio ad-hoc network (CRAHN). In Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS), 2014 5^th International Conference on (pp. 625- 629). IEEE.

[37]. Schiller, J. (2003). Mobile Communication, 2^nd Edition Pearson Education.

[38]. Selvakanmani, S., & Sumathi, M. (2014). An opportunistics Routing protocol for Mobile Cognitive Radio Ad hoc Networks. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 692-700.

[39]. Shah, M. A., Zhang, S., Kamran, M., Javaid, Q., & Fatima, B. (2016). A survey on MAC protocols for complex self-organizing cognitive radio networks. Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling, 4(1), 18.

[40]. Tang, S., & Mark, B. L. (2009). Modeling and analysis of opportunistic spectrum sharing with unreliable spectrum sensing. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8(4), 1934-1943.

[41]. Timalsina, S. K., Moh, S., Chung, I., & Kang, M. (2013). A concurrent access MAC protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks without common control channel. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 2013(1), 69.

[42]. Unlicensed operation in the TV broadcast bands (2004). ET Docket, no.04-186.

[43]. Venkataramana, A., & Setty, S. P. (2017). Enhance the quality of service in mobile ad hoc networks by using fuzzy based NTT–DYMO. Wireless Personal Communications, 95(3), 2989-3002.

[44]. Wang, B. (2017). NS2 Notebook: Multi-channel Multi-interface Simulation in NS2 (2.29). Retrieved from http://www.cse.msu.edu/wangbo1/ns2/nshowto8.html. Accessed on 10 January2017.

[45]. Wister, M. A., Pancardo, P., Acosta, F. D., & Arias- Torres, D. (2011, March). Performance evaluation of AODV and DYMO as a plattform for rescue task applications in MANETs. In 2011 Workshops of International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (pp. 670-675). IEEE.

[46]. Yu, F. R., Tang, H., Huang, M., Mason, P., & Li, Z. (2011). Distributed consensus-based cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio mobile ad hoc networks. In Cognitive Radio Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (pp. 3-35). Springer, New York, NY.

[47]. Zareei, M., Islam, A. M., Mansoor, N., Baharun, S., Mohamed, E. M., & Sampei, S. (2016). CMCS: A cross-layer mobility-aware MAC protocol for cognitive radio sensor networks. EURA SIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2016(1), 160.

Improving the Qos Performance of Dymo Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract

Keywords

How to Cite this Article?

References

If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Options for accessing this content:

	North Americas,UK, Middle East,Europe		India	Rest of world
	USD	EUR	INR	USD-ROW
Pdf	35	35	200	20
Online	35	35	200	15
Pdf & Online	35	35	400	25