References
[1]. Broos, A. (2005). Gender and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) anxiety: Male selfassurance and female hesitation. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 8(1), 21-31.
[2]. Brown, Q., Mongan, W., Kusic, D., Garbarine, E., Fromm, E., & Fontecchio, A. (2013). Computer aided instruction as a vehicle for problem solving: Scratch programming environment in the middle years classroom. College of Engineering, Drexel University: Philadelphia, PA. Retrieved on 9/22/2016 from http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~dmk25/ASEE_08.pdf
[3]. Burke, Q. (2012). The markings of a new pencil: introducing programming-as-writing in the Middle School Classroom. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 4(2), 121-135.
[4]. Carter, L. (2006). Why students with an apparent aptitude for computer science don't choose to major in computer science. ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 38(1), 27-31.
[5]. Cheung, A. C. K., & Slavin, R. E. (2013). The effectiveness of educational technology applications for enhancing mathematics achievement in K-12 classrooms: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 9, 88-113.
[6]. Cohoon, J., & Aspray, W. (2006). Women and information Technology : Research on under representation (Vol. 1). The MIT Press.
[7]. Fennema, E., & Sherman, J. A. (1976). Fennema- Sherman mathematics attitudes scales. Instruments designed to measure attitudes toward the learning of mathematics by females and males. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 7(5), 324-326.
[8]. Grover, S., Pea, R., & Cooper, S. (2014). Remedying misperceptions of computer science among middle school students. In Proceedings of the 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 343- 348). ACM.
[9]. Grover, S., Pea, R., & Cooper, S. (2015). Designing for deeper learning in a blended computer science course for middle school students. Computer Science Education, 25(2), 199-237.
[10]. Harris, J., Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2009). Teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge and learning activity types: Curriculum-based technology integration reframed. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 41(4), 393-416.
[11]. Howley, A., Wood, L., & Hough, B. (2011). Rural elementary school teachers' technology integration. Journal of Research in Rural Education (Online), 26(9), 1-13.
[12]. Moss-Racusin, C. A., Dovidio, J. F., Brescoll, V. L., Graham, M. J., & Handelsman, J. (2012). Science faculty's subtle gender biases favor male students. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(41), 16474-16479.
[14]. Repenning, A., Webb, D., & Ioannidou, A. (2010). Scalable game design and the development of a checklist for getting computational thinking into public schools. In Proceedings of the 41st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 265-269). ACM.
[15]. Richtel, M. (2014). Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, and Lately, Coding. The New York Times, A1.
[16]. Rodger, S., Dalis, M., Gadwal, C., Hayes, J., Li, P., Wolfe, F., & Liang, L. (2012). Integrating computing into middle school disciplines through projects. In Proceedings of the 43rd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 421-426). ACM.
[17]. Roschelle, J., Shechtman, N., Tatar, D., Hegedus, S., Hopkins, B., Empson, S., & Gallagher, L. P. (2010). Integration of technology, curriculum, and professional development for advancing middle school mathematics three large-scale studies. American Educational Research Journal, 47(4), 833-878.
[18]. Settle, A., Franke, B., Hansen, R., Spaltro, F., Jurisson, C., Rennert-May, C., & Wildeman, B. (2012). Infusing computational thinking into the middle-and high-school curriculum. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (pp. 22-27). ACM.
[19]. Taub, R., Armoni, M., & Ben-Ari, M. (2012). CS unplugged and middle-school students' views, attitudes, and intentions regarding CS. ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE), 12(2), 1-29.
[21]. Werner, L., Denner, J., Campe, S., & Kawamoto, D. C. (2012). The fairy performance assessment: measuring computational thinking in middle school. In Proceedings of the 43rd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 215-220). ACM.
[23]. Williams, L., Wiebe, E., Yang, K., Ferzli, M., & Miller, C. (2002). In support of paired programming in the introductory computer science course. Computer Science Education, 12(3), 197-212.
[24]. Woolley, M. E., Rose, R. A., Orthner, D. K., Akos, P. T., & Jones-Sanpei, H. (2013). Advancing academic achievement through career relevance in the middle grades A longitudinal evaluation of CareerStart. American Educational Research Journal, 50(6), 1309-1335.