Abstract

To improve competitiveness and satisfy the demands from customers, manufacturing companies have to produce a variety of products to meet rapidly changing market conditions. Selecting the most effective design option is usually time-consuming; late decisions may eventually jeopardize the balance of the whole project. This article presents a methodology by using a multiple perspective modelling and simulation to engineering product design process. The proposed novel function block oriented modelling method to support the modelling and design of products has proved effective in handling engineering product design. This approach will help design engineers to broaden their understanding significantly from single geometric modelling to more comprehensive modelling and simulation.

Abstract

Negative pressure is one of the metastable states of liquids at which it can be extended up to a certain limit without a gap of continuity. There are numerous experimental studies where a negative pressure up to 40 MPa has been obtained at laboratory conditions. However, these results of the experimental works were not practically implemented, as real liquids both in the nature and the technological processes contain impurities. Under certain kinetic and hydrodynamic conditions the waves of negative pressure in real liquids (crude oil, water, and water-based solutions) were observed. The wave of negative pressure is a turned soliton wave with one negative hump. It is a conservative wave, which maintains its shape and dimensions, and travels long distances with the speed of sound. An advanced technology of generation of the negative pressure wave in real systems allowed creating completely new energy saving technology. This technology based on negative pressure phenomenon has been already used for increasing oil production efficiency during various oil well operations, cleaning of oil well bore, and pipelines from various accumulations. It is shown that a new technology has a lot of potentials for bottom-hole cleaning operations, oil recovery enhancement, pipeline transportation, gas-lift operation etc.

Abstract

This manuscript discusses the application of several digital technologies from three perspectives; firstly the information communication technologies used at the interprocess and the inter-enterprise levels. Secondly are the tools for the visualization forproduct conformance in a manufacturing environment, and finally the virtualization forthe vehicle development activities. The current and future utilizations of the IT modulesby the automotive OEMs is also addressed through the manuscript.

Abstract

Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS) is an application of Group Technology (GT) in which similar parts and machines are grouped into part families and machine cells.  In this work, a metaheuristic called Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to solve the machine cell formation problem. The objective considered was to minimize the intercellular movement of parts known as exceptional elements. The GA was tested on a number of problems of various sizes and its performance is evaluated.

Abstract

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a design tool that mitigates risks during the design phase before they occur. Risk is measured in terms of Risk Priority Number (RPN), which is the product of occurrence, severity and detection difficulty. The priority of the problems is articulated via the RPN. After the RPN has been determined, the evaluation begins based on the definition of the risk (Stamatis 1995). It has some limitations and problems when there is a disagreement in the ranking scale and if there are more than two failures with the same RPN. This paper presents a new approach for the evaluation of risk priority in Potential FMEA to overcome the short comings in the traditional FMEA technique.

Abstract

MATLAB/ Simulink is a very useful tool for analysis and design of control systems. Vector control method (VCM) is a powerful tool for the analysis of electromagnetic processes and optimized flux and current in order to realized optimized motor operation in general and linear induction motors as partial case. Taking into account the Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation, six switching patterns used to control 6-switching transistors drives three-phase windings. This paper proposes a new method, where the MATLAB/ Simulink is coupled with VCM. We apply the proposed method to analyze a linear three-phase induction motor (LIM) behaviors, and to obtained optimized linear force with minimized ripples, low current ripples, and minimized losses. Prototype linear motor has been accomplished.

Abstract

A Burg method  is used as a high resolution technique to model the holographic imaging (detecting) problem. Ultrasonic waves are used for imaging a buried object. The in-line holography is employed. The performance has been investigated for different values of signal to noise ratio(SNR). The results demonstrate the enhanced performance capability of the combination of Burg and holographic methods. Also the method showed much better performance compared  with Fourier transform.

Abstract

The important toxic metals i.e. Cd, Zn, Ni, and Pb finds its way to the water bodies through waste waters are responsible for environmental pollution. There are numerous methods currently employed to remove and recover the metals from our environment. Adsorption is a promising alternative method to treat industrial effluents, mainly because of its low cost and high metal binding capacity. Tea waste is one of the low cost and easily available adsorbent and having strong adsorptivity towards metals like Cd, Zn, Ni, and Pb because of the soft colloid and chemical components like palmitinic acid of fatty group, terpenes and dibutyl phthalate present in it. The mechanism of adsorption can be described using the adsorption isotherm. The available experimental data were used. The adsorption mechanism for the adsorption of heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb) using tea waste has been presented. The adsorption mechanism for the adsorption of heavy metals using tea waste is well described by Freundlich isotherm.

Abstract

Multi-Objective Differential Evolution (MODE), a multi-population, multi-objective optimization approach using Differential Evolution (DE) has been successfully applied to selected real world problems. This algorithm is equipped with non-dominated population selection combined with basic DE algorithm. In this study, the MODE algorithm is further applied on six different Test problems with/without constraints and extensive simulation runs are carried out for parametric study. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained for each test problems. The Pareto fronts are compared on the basis of various values of key MODE parameters. This work resulted in identifying the sensitivity of various key parameters of the MODE algorithm applied on the hard test problems.

Abstract

Axisymmetric vibration of an infinite piezocomposite solid cylinder made of inner solid and outer hollow piezoelectric layer of 6mm-class bonded together by an isotropic CFRP (Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics) layer is studied. The frequency equations are obtained for the traction free surfaces with continuity condition at the interfaces. Numerical results are carried out for the cylinder PZT4/CFRP/PZT4 and the dispersion curves are compared with that of a solid piezoelectric cylinder and a similar model embedding a linear elastic material with voids (LEMV).

Abstract

Surface roughness plays an important role in manufacturing and the product quality depends on the surface roughness. The present work focuses on developing a multiple regression model with dependent input variables for the prediction of surface roughness in end milling. The working parameters, viz. speed, feed and depth of cut are considered in this model. The experiments were conducted based on factorial design in Design of Experiments (DOE). The values surface roughness predicted by this model are then verified with additional experiments and compared.

Abstract

Salem city is the fifth largest city in the state of Tamilnadu. It is an important commercial, marketing and transportation hub of the state. It is the head quarters of Salem district and the present population of the city is 8,71,577. The population is expected to grow further on account of rapid urbanization and industrialization. Presently, major environments (such as water, air, soil) has been polluted and worsened by the improper dumping and accumulation of Municipal Solid Waste at Erumapalayam dumping yard. It is estimated that the total generation of Municipal Solid waste from the city is 335 MT per day and its improper disposal causes visible water, air and soil pollution which creates health hazards.

In the present EIA study, impacts on major environments around the periphery of Erumapalayam dumping site has been estimated. The study reveals that the ground water quality around the dumping site is too poor and it is unfit for drinking purpose due to the presence of high concentration of Total dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Nitrate (No2) and Chloride (Cl). In addition, the Water Quality Index had been evaluated to asses the water quality rating. The ambient air quality and environmental health hazard survey in and around 2 km radius of dumping site reveals that the concentration of suspended particulate matter exceeds the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (i.e 200 µg/m3). Also, Air Quality Index was calculated to identify the level of air pollution. The health hazard leads to diseases like skin allergy, fever and other respirable ailment to the human beings of this area. The soil pollution study enumerates that the fertility of the soil has been affected due to the excessive presence of soluble salts.

Abstract

Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a concrete that can be placed and compacted under its own weight with little or no vibration effort, while being cohesive enough to be handled without segregation or bleeding at the same time. It is used to facilitate and ensure proper filling and good structural performance in resistricted areas and heavily reinforced structural members. SCC concept has gained a wider use in many countries for different applications and structural configurations due to the fact that it can provide a better working environment by eliminating the vibration noise. The several advantages reported in using SCC are  reduced the construction time and the labour cost, eliminating the need for vibration, reduced noise pollution, improved compactability even in highly congested structural members, and finally a better construction ensuring good structural performance.

The elimination of vibration for compacting concrete during placing through the use of Self Compacting Concrete leads to substantial advantages related to better homogeneity, enhancement of working environment and improvement in the productivity by increasing the speed of construction The resulting concrete is characterized in the fresh state by methods used for Self compacted concrete, such as slump-flow, V-funnel and L- box tests respectively. This paper concentrates mainly on studying the properties like Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength and Flexural Strength of SCC mix proportions ranging from M30 to M65 Grades of Concrete.

Abstract

In this paper, the optimal capacitor placement problem is proposed. It determines the location and sizing of the capacitor. The optimal location is determined by candidate node identification. Genetic Algorithm (GA) method is used to determine the size of capacitors. As the optimum capacitor placement is a non-linear problem, Genetic Algorithm is more suitable for such problem. So, Genetic Algorithm is proposed to select the optimum values of fixed and switched shunt capacitors to the conditions based on the objective function. The objective function is to maximize the net savings in the distribution system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is tested with two radial distribution systems.