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i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

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Biomaterial Strategies for Immune System Enhancement and Tissue Healing
Qualitative and Quantitative Performance Optimization of Simple Gas Turbine Power Plant using Three Different Types of Fuel
Efficient Shopping: RFID-Powered Cart with Automated Billing System
Medical Drone System for Automated External Defibrillator Shock Delivery for Cardiac Arrest Patients
A Critical Review on Biodiesel Production, Process Parameters, Properties, Comparison and Challenges
Review on Deep Learning Based Image Segmentation for Brain Tumor Detection

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Volume 10 Issue 1 August - October 2014

Article

Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration- Visionary Separation Tools for the Future

Sukanchan Palit*

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

Palit, S. (2014). Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration- Visionary Separation Tools for the Future. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2905

Abstract

The world of Environmental Engineering is moving from one crisis to another. Energy sustainability stands today as a severe and vehement problem of our present-day civilization. Man's civilization is in danger of the future environmental crisis which looms large at the distant horizon of destiny. Provision of drinking water remain as the most difficult problem of Environmental Engineering in our human civilization today. With such an environmental crisis and environmental disaster, the question of novel separation processes such as membrane separation processes stand today as effective procedures in tackling the vicious problem of provision of clean and pure drinking water. The vision for the future is immense, wide and bright. Success and diligence today remain as the key issues of the sound technical know-how of novel separation processes and membrane separation processes. Water crisis is a primordial issue and of serious concern in our present generation and our present day civilization. Issues which are mind-boggling and crucial are groundwater pollution and groundwater remediation. The situation is extremely grave in developing countries throughout the world. Now, in such a critical as well as vexing juncture, the world of challenges needs reassessment and rethinking. Membrane science and membrane separation processes will surely stand towards the imminent crisis of our civilization. Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration stand as future dimensions of scientific research in the future path of innovation and intuition. The presented treatise delineates the immense importance of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration and its impact on global water shortage and the visionary aspects of environmental sustainability.

References

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[12]. Esplugas. S., Bila. D.M., Krause. L.G.T., Dezotti. M., (2007). Ozonation and advanced oxidation technologies to remove endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)in water effluents, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.149, pp.631-642.

[13]. Palit Sukanchan, (2012). Progress in membrane separation processes, ozonation and other advanced oxidation processes- A review, International Journal of Chemical and Analytical Science, 3(1), pp.290-1292.

[14]. Palit Sukanchan, (2012). Ozone treatment as an effective advanced oxidation process for the degradation of textile dye-effluents. International Journal of Chemical and Analytical Science, 3(1), pp.1293-1295.

[15]. Palit Sukanchan, (2009). Ozonation of Direct Red – 23 dye in a fixed bed batch bubble column reactor, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.2, No.10, Oct

[16]. Palit Sukanchan, (2011). Ozonation associated with nanofiltration as an effective procedure in treating dye effluents from textile industries with the help of a bubble column: A review, International Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Vol 1, No 1, pp. 53-60.

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Research Paper

Investigation of Average Life of Underground Storage Tanks

Rachna Umbarkar* , Kailas L. Wasewar**

* Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

**Associate Professor and Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Umbarkar, R., and Wasewar, K. L. (2014). Investigation of Average Life of Underground Storage Tanks. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2906

Abstract

Corrosion in underground storage tanks has become an important issue which needs to be figured out before any economical loss occurs. The basic aim of the present work is to study the average life of underground storage tanks using suitable numerical model. Mean Time to Corrosion Failure (MTCF) model is the proven model for predicting the average life of the underground storage tanks based on soil and tank characteristics. In this present paper, the average life of underground storage tanks using MTCF model based on the available experimental data of corrosion rate, resistivity and other characteristics of tank and soil has been determined. The estimated maximum MTCF is 27.3 years and minimum is 17.4 years. Hence, in worst condition, the life of considered tank would be around 17.4 years and in best condition, it would be upto 27.3 years. The predicted results are in well agreement with the literature data as the tank failure from external corrosion ranged from 5 to 35 years. The MTCF can be used as the best suitable model to determine the average life of the underground storage tanks.

References

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Research Paper

Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Using Indian Activated Coir Pith

V.R. Sankar Cheela* , D.V. Padma, G. Santhosh Kumar*

* Department of Civil Engineering, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapati Raj College of Engineering, Andhra Pradesh, India.

-** Department of Chemical Engineering, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapati Raj College of Engineering, Andhra Pradesh, India

Cheela, V. R. S., Padma, D.V., Kumar, G. S., and Subbarao , Ch. V. (2014). Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Using Indian Activated Coir Pith. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 18-26 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2907

Abstract

This paper discusses the feasibility of using activated coir pith as adsorbent prepared from coconut husk for removal of Malachite Green. Batch adsorption experiments are performed by considering contact time, pH, speed of agitation and particle size as variables. The data on equilibrium is fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips and Tempkin isotherms. The xperimental data is found to be in close agreement with Tempkin adsorption isotherm (R² value=0.93) followed by Sips and Freundlich (R² value=0.913). Some experiments on % removal of Methylene blue using the same adsorbent suggested Malachite Green to be adsorbed better than Methylene blue.

References

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[5]. Gupta, V.K. Alok Mittal, Lisha Krishnan, Vibha Gajbe., (2004). Adsorption kinetics and column operations for the removal and recovery of malachite green from wastewater using bottom ash, Sep Purif Technol., Vol.40, pp.87–96.

[6]. Fuling Xie, Junmei Cheng, Mingsheng Tang, Runping Han, Xin Zhao, Yu Wang and Yuanfeng Wang., (2009). Adsorption of methylene blue by phoenix tree leaf powder in a fixed-bed column: experiments and prediction of breakthrough curves, Desalination, Vol.245, pp.284–297.

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Review Paper

Opportunities and Issues for Second Generation Biofuels Production in India

Dr. S.V.A.R. Sastry* , Ch. V. Ramachandra Murthy**

* Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India.

** Principal and Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, Andhra University College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, India.

Sastry , S.V.A.R., and Murthy, Ch. V. R. (2014). Opportunities and Issues for Second Generation Biofuels Production in India. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 27-34 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2908

Abstract

Consequent to rising oil prices and growing fears of climate change, biofuels are receiving increasing consideration worldwide as alternative to fossil fuels. Biofuels are being considered as sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels, because of their potential to promote energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, biofuels also provide opportunities for job creation and diversification of rural economy. Hitherto the large-scale production of biofuels requires shift from our current dependence on fossil fuels and brings with it a suite of potential problems. Second generation biofuels derived from ligno-cellulosic agricultural residue are increasingly attractive to the biofuel industry because they are expected to be more efficient than first generation crops and they will not compete directly with food production.

The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the second generation biofuels in an Indian context and to describe the barriers to wider adoption of the biofuels. This review also aims to appraise the development of second generation biofuels industry in India summarizing the approximate costs for commercial scale plants from the literature along with major commercial and research programs in second generation fuels production in the country. This paper lists Indian research and development gaps that, once overcome, should assist in taking the industry forward. An objective of the review is to stimulate policy makers and industry to examine more closely the opportunities in second generation biofuels that are unique to India.

References

[1]. IEA (2008). Energy Technology Perspectives 2008—Scenarios and Strategies to 2050. Paris: International Energy Agency (IEA),pp. 307–38.

[2]. Bajpai P (2013). Global Production of Bioethanol. Advances in Bioethanol: Springer, pp. 79-88.

[3]. IEA (2012). World Energy Outlook 2012. Paris Cedex 15, France: International Energy Agency (IEA).

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Review Paper

Stability of Non Edible Oil for Biodiesel Production – A Review

Gaurav Dwivedi* , M.P. Sharma**

* Research Scholar, Bio fuel Research Laboratory, Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

** Associate Professor, Alternate Hydro Energy Centre (AHEC), Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

Dwivedi , G., and Sharma, M. P. (2014). Stability of Non Edible Oil for Biodiesel Production – A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 35-39 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2909

Abstract

Due to the recent increases in petroleum prices and uncertainties concerning petroleum availability, there is renewed interest in non edible oil as fuels for diesel engines. In India, non edible oil like Jatropha, Pongamia, Mahua, Neem, Eucalyptus are being viewed as the future scope for biodiesel production. Biodiesel is one of the best available sources to fullfill the energy demand of India. The main problem associated with biodiesel is its poor oxidation stability. The oxidation stability of fats and oil and their product play an important role in determining the quality. It is defined as the resistance of oil/fats/biodiesel to degradation through oxidation with air which results in change of fuel quality. The exposure of oil, fats or biodiesel to atmosphere O , heat, heavy metal, light, porphyrims etc generate free radicals that form peroxide 2 radicals which subsequently lead to the formation of stable secondary products. These oxidation products will lead to gum formation and deteriorate the quality of the fuel and it cannot be used for engine operation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the induction period for various non edible oil using theoretical method to address their stability issue.

References

[1]. Dwivedi, G. Sharma, M.P. and Siddarth Jain, (2011). Pongamia as a source of Biodiesel in India-A review, Smart grid and Renewable Energy, 2(3), pp.184-189.

[2]. Gui M M, Lee K T, Bhatia S, (2008). Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock, Energy, Vol.33, pp.1646– 1653.

[3]. Singh,S.P., Singh,D., (2010). Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.14, pp.200-216.

[4]. Dwivedi,G. Sharma,M.P. (2014). “Prospects of biodiesel from Pongamia in India”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.32, pp. 114–122.

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i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

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Volume 10 Issue 1 August - October 2014

Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration- Visionary Separation Tools for the Future

Sukanchan Palit*

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

Palit, S. (2014). Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration- Visionary Separation Tools for the Future. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2905

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Investigation of Average Life of Underground Storage Tanks

Rachna Umbarkar* , Kailas L. Wasewar**

* Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. **Associate Professor and Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Umbarkar, R., and Wasewar, K. L. (2014). Investigation of Average Life of Underground Storage Tanks. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2906

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Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Using Indian Activated Coir Pith

V.R. Sankar Cheela* , D.V. Padma**, G. Santhosh Kumar***

* Department of Civil Engineering, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapati Raj College of Engineering, Andhra Pradesh, India. **-**** Department of Chemical Engineering, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapati Raj College of Engineering, Andhra Pradesh, India

Cheela, V. R. S., Padma, D.V., Kumar, G. S., and Subbarao , Ch. V. (2014). Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Using Indian Activated Coir Pith. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 18-26 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2907

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Opportunities and Issues for Second Generation Biofuels Production in India

Dr. S.V.A.R. Sastry* , Ch. V. Ramachandra Murthy**

* Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India. ** Principal and Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, Andhra University College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, India.

Sastry , S.V.A.R., and Murthy, Ch. V. R. (2014). Opportunities and Issues for Second Generation Biofuels Production in India. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 27-34 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2908

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Stability of Non Edible Oil for Biodiesel Production – A Review

Gaurav Dwivedi* , M.P. Sharma**

* Research Scholar, Bio fuel Research Laboratory, Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India. ** Associate Professor, Alternate Hydro Energy Centre (AHEC), Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

Dwivedi , G., and Sharma, M. P. (2014). Stability of Non Edible Oil for Biodiesel Production – A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 10(1), 35-39 https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.10.1.2909

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* Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

**Associate Professor and Head, Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

V.R. Sankar Cheela* , D.V. Padma, G. Santhosh Kumar*

* Department of Civil Engineering, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapati Raj College of Engineering, Andhra Pradesh, India.

-** Department of Chemical Engineering, Maharaj Vijayaram Gajapati Raj College of Engineering, Andhra Pradesh, India

* Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India.

** Principal and Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, Andhra University College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, India.

* Research Scholar, Bio fuel Research Laboratory, Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.

** Associate Professor, Alternate Hydro Energy Centre (AHEC), Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.