i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

Current Issue Vol. 20 Issue 1

Biomaterial Strategies for Immune System Enhancement and Tissue Healing
Qualitative and Quantitative Performance Optimization of Simple Gas Turbine Power Plant using Three Different Types of Fuel
Efficient Shopping: RFID-Powered Cart with Automated Billing System
Medical Drone System for Automated External Defibrillator Shock Delivery for Cardiac Arrest Patients
A Critical Review on Biodiesel Production, Process Parameters, Properties, Comparison and Challenges
Review on Deep Learning Based Image Segmentation for Brain Tumor Detection

Most Cited

Volume 9 Issue 4 May - July 2014

Research Paper

Hydrodynamic Methods of Extraction of Immobile Hydrocarbon Liquids in Inhomogeneous Capillaries

Panakhov G.M* , Abbasov E.M, Abbasova N.N*, Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov****

-- Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan

**** Associate Professor,Mechanical Engineering Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, USA

Panakhov, G.M., Abbasov, E.M., Abbasova, N.N., and Bakhtiyarov, S.I. (2014). Hydrodynamic Methods of Extraction of Immobile Hydrocarbon Liquids in Inhomogeneous Capillaries. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2742

Abstract

A new technological solution to improve the process of oil displacement by water flood can be done by increasing the hydrodynamic pressure periodically. The proposed technology allows, to overcome the resistance of capillary forces and to widen the injection zone. The filtration experiments were conducted under conditions corresponding to the reservoir through a composite rock sample of cylindrical shape which is made from natural reservoir core deposits of Western Siberia. The proposed technique also allows to estimate the pressure distribution along the propagation of the formation on discrete areas of the reservoir as the displacement front moves, and so, the time frame of the hydrodynamic pressure drop changes. It also allows to determining the duration and phasing of pressure control in order to achieve the expected hydrodynamic effect and consequently, increase the flow of oil to the producing wells.

References

[1]. A. Kh. Mirzadzhanzade and A. Kh. Shakhverdiev, (1997). Dynamic Processes in Oil and Gas. Moscow, Nauka, 1997, 254.

[2]. B. F. Gubanov(1981), Regulation of Injectivity Profiles of Injection Wells. Oil Industry Journal,12, 39 - 42.

[3]. N. N. Mikhailov T. I. Kolchitskaya, A. V. Dzhemesyuk and N. A. Semenova (1993),, Physical and Geological Problems of Residual Oil Saturation . Moscow, Nauka, 173.

[4]. A. K. Emaletdinov and I. V. Baykov (2005), Modeling Optimal Speed of Oil Displacement and Minimum Oil Saturation around the Injection Wells. Bulletin of the Orenburg State University, 2, 159 - 162.

[5]. M. Y. Khabibulin (2012), Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Oil Displacement by Water with Cyclically Varying Amplitude Pressure. Electronic Scientific Journal "Oil and Gas Business ", 6. 233 - 241.

[6]. A. Kh. Mirzadzhanzade , I. M. Ametov and A. G. Kovalev (1992), Physics of Oil and Gas Reservoir. Moscow, Nedra, 1992.

[7]. F. I. Kotyakhov (1987), Physics of Oil and Gas Reservoirs. Moscow, Nedra, 270.

[8]. I. Chatris and N. R. Morrow,(1984) Correlation of Capillary Number relationships for Sandstones, SPEJ, 1984, 555- 562.

[9]. B. A. Suleimanov (1996), Experimental Studies of the Formation of Fractal Structures in the Displacement of Immiscible Fluids on Hele - Shaw Cell, Journal of Engineering Physics, 69(2), 230 - 236.

[10]. M. L. Surguchev, Y. V. Zheltov and E. M. Simkin (1984), Physico-Chemical Micro-processes in the Oil and Gas Reservoir, Moscow, Nedra, 215 .

[11]. A. P. Ershov, A. Y. Dummer and A. L. Kupershtokh (1958), Instability of "Inviscid Fingering" in Regular Models of the Porous Medium. Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 2001, 42(2), 129-140.

[12]. P.G. Saffman and G. I. Taylor (1958), Proc. Roy. Soc. London. A245, 312

[13]. V. M. Entov and A. F. Zazovski (1989), Hydrodynamics of EOR processes. Moscow, Nedra,232.

[14]. G. I Barenblatt, V.M. Entov and V. M. Ryzhi (1972), The Theory of Non-Stationary Filtration of Liquids and Gases, Moscow, Nedra, 288.

[15]. O. N. Kharin (1967), Output Calculation Formulas for the Approximate Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cyclic Stimulation. Proceedings of INGP named by I. M. Gubkin. Theory and Practice of Development of Oil Fields. Moscow, Nedra. 1967, 122 - 130.

[16]. Y. N. Zheltov(1975), Mechanics of Oil and Gas Reservoirs . Moscow , Nedra , 1975 , 216 .

[17]. V. N. Shchelkachev (1976), Generalization of the Simplest Forms of Making the Main Problems in the Theory of Unsteady Seepage Flow Field. Proceedings of INGP named by I. M. Gubkin. Theory and Practice of Development of Oil Fields. Moscow, Nedra, 96 - 106.

[18]. V. A. Evdokimova and I. N. Cochina (1979), Collection of Problems on Underground Hydraulics, Moscow, Nedra, 168.

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Research Paper

Prospects of Biogas in Climate Change Mitigation and Climate Change Adaptation: A Study from Nepal

Anushiya Shrestha*

Lecturer, College of Applied Sciences, Nepal.

Shrestha, A., (2014). Prospects Of Biogas In Climate Change Mitigation And Climate Change Adaptation: A Study From Nepal. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2743

Abstract

This study assesses the role of domestic biogas plants in mitigation and adaptation to climate change through a case study of Gaikhur VDC in Gorkha District in Nepal. Comparing the biogas and non-biogas households, the study found that use of biogas contributed in mitigation of climate change through reduced emission of greenhouse gases, avoided the deforestation and increased the carbon capture. Application of biogas energy contributed towards improving the adaptation to climate change impacts through saving of household income, improved health, reduced hardship and saved time. Furthermore, biogas extended the opportunity of financial benefits through reduced emissions. Lack of knowledge on fertilizer value of bio-slurry has been the major cause of high payback period of initial investment made on biogas installation. Disclosing and analyzing the constraints accelerated the use of domestic biogas plants. This study suggests ways to overcome constraints and in enabling environment for the biogas sector.

References

[1]. Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (2006). Subsidy for Renewable (Rural) Energy 2006. Lalitpur, Nepal: AEPC, Government of Nepal.

[2]. Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (2008). Regional Forum on Bioenergy Sector Development: Challenges and Way Forward. Lalitpur, Nepal: AEPC, Government of Nepal.

[3]. Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (2012). Climate Sensitising Nepal's Renewable Energy Sector. Lalitpur, Nepal: Climate and Carbon Unit, AEPC, Government of Nepal.

[4]. Bajgain, S., & Shakya, I. (2005). The Nepal Biogas Support: A successful model of public private partnership for rural household energy supply. The Netherlands: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

[5]. Biogas Support Programme (2006). Annual Emission Reduction Report for Project Activity 1 of Clean Development Mechanism Project in Biogas Support Programme of Nepal. Lalitpur, Nepal: Biogas Support Programme.

[6]. Biogas Support Programme (2009). Biogas as Renewable Source of Energy in Nepal Theory and Development. Lalitpur, Nepal: Biogas Support Programme.

[7]. Central Bureau of Statistics (2012). National Population and Housing Census 2011 (Village Development Committee/Municipality), Kathmandu, Nepal: Government of Nepal, National Planning Commission Secretariat.

[8]. Chand M. B., Upadhyay B.P., & Maskey, R. (2012). Biogas Option for Mitigation and Adaptation of Climate Change. Rentech Symposium Compendium, 1(3), 5-9.

[9]. Consolidated Management Services (1996). Biogas Technology: A Training Manual for Extension, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Kathmandu, Nepal. Support for Development of National Biogas Programme (FAO/TCP/Nep/4451-T).

[10].Consolidated Management Services (2008). Biogas Users Survey 2007/08.Kathmandu, Nepal: Alternative Energy Promotion Centre.

[11]. Devkota, G. P. (2007). Renewable Energy Technology in Nepal: An Overview and Assessment. Kathmandu, Nepal. Universal Consultancy Services.

[12]. Devkota G. P. (2001). Biogas Technology in Nepal- A Sustainable Source of Energy Rural People. Kathmandu, Nepal: Universal Consultancy Services.

[13]. Devkota G. P. (2003). Final Report on Analysis of Biogas Leakages from Household Digesters. Kathmandu, Nepal: Winrock International.

[14]. Environmental and Energy Study Institute (2009). Biogas Capture and Utilization: An Effective, Affordable Way to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions and MeetLocal Energy Needs, Issue Brief.

[15]. Environmental Protection Agency (2007). Methane. Environmental Protection Agency.

[16]. Hunt, C.A.G (2009). Carbon sinks and climate change: forest in the flight against global warming: ebook. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

[17]. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001). Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Methodological and Technological issues in Technology Transfer. United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.

[18]. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2013). Summary for Policymakers In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner.

[19]. G.K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., & Midgley, P. M. (Eds.). United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

[20]. Karki, A. B., & Dixit, K. (1984). Biogas Fieldbook. Tripureswor, Kathmandu, Nepal: Sahayogi Press.

[21]. Li, Z., Tang, R., Xia, C., Luo, H., & Zhong, H. (2005). Towards green rural energy in Yunnan, China. Renewable Energy 30, 99 - 108.

[22]. Manandhar, U., & Bhatta, G. D. (2013). Biogas for climate justice: a story of change in Nepal. In Irish Aid Programme. A New Dialogue : Putting People at the Heart of Global Development.

[23]. Mendis, M. S., & Van Nes, W. J. (1999). The Nepal Biogas Support Programme, Elements for Success in Rural Household Energy Supply, Policy and Best Practice, Document 4, The Netherlands: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

[24]. Ministry of Environment (2010). National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate Change. Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Environment.

[25]. Motherland Energy Group Pvt. Ltd. (2013). Biogas Users' Survey 2012/13 – Pa 1 Final Report.

[26]. National Planning Commission (2011). Climate- Resilient Planning, A Tool for Long-term Climate Adaptation .

[27]. Sharma, S., & Nema, B. P. (2013). Applicability of Biogas Technology in Rural Development and Green House Gas Mitigation. International Journal of ChemTech R1esearch , 5(2) , 747 - 752 .

[28]. Shrestha, A. (2012). Prospects of biogas in terms of socio-economic and environmental benefits to rural community of Nepal: A case of biogas project in Gaikhur VDC of Gorkha district. Dissertation (Masters), College of Applied Sciences- Nepal, Tribhuvan University.

[29]. Shrestha, R.P., Acharya, J.S., Bajgain, S. and Pandey, B. (2003). Developing the biogas support programme in Nepal as a clean development mechanism project, Renewable Energy Techonology for Rural Development.

[30]. Smith, K.R., Uma, R., Kishore, V.V.N., Joshi, V., Zhavg, J., Joshi, V. and Khalil, M.A.K. (2000). Greenhouse Implications of Household Stoves. An Analysis for India 25, 741 -763.

[31]. SNV Netherlands Development Organisation (2012) Domestic Biogas Newletter. Issue 6, March 2012.

[32]. Stern, N. (2006). Review of the Economics of Climate Change

[33]. Winrock & Eco Securities (2004). Nepal Biogas Programme, CDM Baseline Study 2003.

[34]. Winrock International Nepal (2004). Status Report for Nepal on Household Energy, Indoor Air Pollution and Health Impacts, Kathmandu, Nepal.

[35]. Woods, J., Hemstock, S. & Burnyeat, W. (2006). Bioenergy systems at the community level in the South Pacific: Impacts & Monitoring. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change,11 (2), 469- 500.

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Research Paper

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of SDS Surfactant Assisted Copper Oxide Thin Films

Iqbal Singh* , Taminder Singh**

*-** Department of Physics, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India.

Singh, I., and Singh, T. (2014). Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of SDS Surfactant Assisted Copper Oxide Thin Films . i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2744

Abstract

In this paper an attempt has been made to study the impact of surfactant on the properties of the ultrasonically spray deposited CuO films. An aqueous solution of cupric nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO ) .3H O) modified with Sodium Dodecyl 3 2 2 Sulphate (SDS) surfactant is used to deposit CuO films on glass substrate by Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. The X'Pert Panlytical Diffractometer was employed for the phase identification of the films using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5405 Å, 30mA, 40 kV) in 2θ range from 30-80°. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Micrographs (FESEM) and EDAX (Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays) spectrum were recorded on JEOL JSM-6700F Scanning Electron Microscope with a beam voltage of 30 kV. The depth profiler (Dektek 3030 XT) was employed for monitoring the film thickness and was found to be 400 ± 20 nm. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) studies of the films deposited at various substrate temperatures indicate the formation of monoclinic CuO with preferential orientation along the(002) plane for all samples. Surfactant modified films showed an increase in crystallite size of 35 nm at substrate temperature of 300 °C. The Scanning Electron Micrograph (FESEM) confirms the uniform distribution of facets like grains on the entire area of substrate. The results obtained in this study illustrate that SDS modified films show a significant reduction in the particle agglomeration thereby increasing the surface to volume ratio which in turn improves their sensing performance.

References

[1]. Ueda, N., Maeda, H., Hosono, H. & Kawazoe, H. (1998). Band-gap widening of CdO thin films, J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6174-6177.

[2]. Liu, H., Zhang, X., Li, L., Wang, Y. X., Gao, K. H., Li, Z. Q., Zheng, R. K., Ringer, S. P., Zhang, B. & Zhang, X. X. (2007). Role of point defects in room-temperature ferromagnetism of Cr-doped ZnO, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 0725111-3.

[3]. Zhu, H., Zhao, F., Pan, L., Zhang, Y., Fan, C., Zhang, Y. & Xiao, J. Q. (2007). Structural and magnetic properties of Mn-doped CuO thin films, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 09H1111-3.

[4]. Ferreira, F. F., Tabacniks, M. H., Fantinia, M. C. A., Fariab, I. C. & Gorensteinb, A. (1996). Electrochromic nickel oxide thin films deposited under different sputtering conditions, Solid State Ionics 86-88, 971-976.

[5]. Huanga, L. S., Yanga, S. G., Lia, T., Gua, B. X., Dua, Y. W., Lub, Y. N. & Shi, S. Z. (2004). Preparation of large-scale cupric oxide nanowires by thermal evaporation, J. Cryst. Growth 260, 130-135.

[6]. Brown, Kari E. R. & Choi, K. S. (2006). Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of transparent nanocrystalline Cu2O films and their conversion to CuO films, Chem. Commun. 3311-3313.

[7]. Serin, N., Serin, T., Horzum, S., & Celik Y. (2005) Annealing effects on the properties of copper oxide thin films prepared by chemical deposition, Semcond. Sci Technol. 20(5), 398.

[8]. Maruyama, T. (1998) Copper oxide thin films prepared from copper dipivaloylmethanate and oxygen by chemical vapor deposition, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 4099- 4102.

[9]. Santra, K., Sarkar, C. K., Mukherjee, M. K. & Ghosh, B. (1992) Copper oxide thin films grown by plasma evaporation method, Thin Solid Films, 213, 226-229.

[10]. Drobny, V. F. & Pulfrey, D. L. (1979). Thin Soild Films, 61, 89-98.

[11]. Muthe, K. P., Vyas, J. C., Narang, S. N., Aswal, D. K., Gupta, S. K., Pinto, R., Kothiyal, G. P. & Sabharwal, S. B. (1998) A study of the CuO phase formation during thin film deposition by molecular beam epitaxy, Thin Solid Films, 324, 37-43.

[12]. Salarian, M., Hashjin, M. S., Shafiei, S. S., Salaria, R. & Nemati, Z. A. (2009) Template directed hydrothermal synthesis of dandelion like hydroxyapatite in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and polyethylene glycol, Ceram. Int. 35, 2563-2569.

[13]. Pradhan, M., Sarkar, S., Sinha, A. K., Basu, M. & Pal, T. (2010) High yield synthesis of 1D Rh nanostructures from surfactant mediated reductive pathway and their shape transformation, J. Phys. Chem. C. 114, 16129-16142.

[14]. Alamolhoda, S., Seyyed Ebrahimi, S. A. & Badiei, A. (2006) A study on the formation of strontium hexaferrite nanopowder by a sol–gel auto-combustion method in the presence of surfactant, J. of Mag. Mater. 303, 69-72.

[15]. Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Li, X., Chen, L., Qian, Y. & Zhang, Z. (2006) CuO shuttle like nanocrystals synthesized by oriented attachment, J. Cryst. Growth 291,196-201.

[16]. Liu, Y., Chu, Y., Li, M., Li, L. & Dong, L. (2006) In situ synthesis and assembly of copper oxide nanocrystals on copper foil via a mild hydrothermal process, J. Mater. Chem. 16, 192-198.

[17]. Bedi, R. K. & Singh, I. (2010) Room temperature ammonia sensor based on cationic surfactant assisted nanocrystalline CuO, Appl. Mater. Interf., 2(5), 1361-1368.

[18] Kose, S., Atay, F., Bilgin, V. & Akyuz, I. (2009) Some physical properties of copper oxide films: the effect of substrate temperature, Mater. Chem. Phys. 111, 351-358.

[19]. Perednis, D. & Gauckler, L. J. (2005) Thin film deposition using spray pyrolysis, J. Electroceram. 14, 103- 111.

[20]. Lv, S., Wang, C., Zhou, T., Jing, S., Wu, Y. & Zhao C. (2009) In situ synthesis of ZnO nanostructures on a zinc substrate assisted with mixed cationic/anionic surfactants J. Alloys Compds. 477, 364-369

[21]. Elansezhian, R., Ramamoorthy, B. & Kesavan P. (2009) Nair The influence of SDS and CTAB surfactants on the surface morphology and surface topography of electrodless Ni-P deposits, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 209, 233-240.

[22]. Xu, C. K., Xu, G. D., Liu, Y. K. & Wang, G. H. (2002) A simple and novel route for the preparation of ZnO nanorods, Solid State Communications 122, 175-179.

[23]. Xu, H., Qin, D. H., Yang, Z. & Li, H. L. (2003) Fabrication and characterization of highly ordered zirconia nano wire arrays by sol–gel template method, Material Chemistry and Physics 80, 524-528.

[24]. Liang, J. H., Peng, C. & Wang, X. (2005) Chromate nanorods/nanobelts: general synthesis, characterization, and properties, Inorganic Chemistry 44, 9405-9415.

[25]. Jiaxiang, L., Da, W. U., Nan, Z. & Yue, W. (2010) Effects of surfactants on the structure and photoelectric properties of ITO films by sol-gel method, Rare Materials 29 (2),143-148.

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Research Paper

Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution by Indian Gooseberry Seed Powder as Adsorbent

D. Krishna* , D.V. Padma, P. Kavya Sruthi*, P. Siva Prasad****

* Associate Professor,Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

-*-**** Student, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

Krishna, D.,Padma, D.V., Sruthi, P. K., and Prasad, P. S. (2014). Removal Of Chromium From Aqueous Solution By Indian Gooseberry Seed Powder As Adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2745

Abstract

In this present study, a low cost adsorbent is prepared from naturally and abundantly available Indian gooseberry seed powder which is a non-conventional adsorbent and is biodegradable. Batch experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of various process parameters such as agitation time, the adsorbent size, adsorbent dosage, initial chromium concentration and the effect of pH solution . The maximum adsorption of chromium is obtained at pH value of 2. The equilibrium data for the adsorption of chromium on Indian gooseberry seed powder is tested with various adsorption isotherms such as ‘Langmuir’, ‘Freundlich’ and ‘Tempkin’ isotherms. The Langmuir and Freundlich were found to be significant for the removal of chromium (VI) using Indian gooseberry seed powder and the maximum metal uptake is found to be 38.46 mg/g at pH value of 2. The adsorption process follows the second order kinetics and corresponding constants are obtained. In this study, Indian gooseberry seed powder is an effective and affordable adsorbent for hexavalent chromium removal from industrial waste water.

References

[1]. Aksu, Z., Ozer, D., Ekiz, H.I., Kutsal, T and Calar, A. (1996). Investigation of biosorption of chromium (VI) on Cladophora Crispata in Two-Staged Batch Reactor. Environ.Technol. 17, 215-220.

[2]. Baral, S.S., Das. N., Roy Choudary, G. & Das. S.N, (2009). A preliminary study on the adsorptive removal of Chromium (VI) using seaweed, Hydrilla Verticillata, J.Hazard.Mater., 171, 358-369.

[3]. Bryant, P.S., Petersen, J.N., Lee, J.M and Brouns. T.M. (1992). Sorption of heavy metals by untreated red fir sawdust. Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol. 34, 777-788.

[4]. Chakravathi, A.K., Chowadary, S.B., Chakrabarty, S., Chakrabarty, T and Mukherjee. D.C. (1995). Liquid membrane multiple emulsion process of chromium (VI) separation from waste waters. Colloids Surf.A. 103, 59-71.

[5]. Das, A.K. (2004). Micellar effect on the kinetics and mechanism of chromium (VI) oxidation of organic substrates, Coord,Chem.Rev. 248, 81.

[6]. Freundlich, H. (1907). Veber die adsorption in loesungen (adsorption in solution), Z.Phys.Chem. 57, 385.

[7]. Gomez, V. & Callo, M.P. (2006). Chromium determination and speciation since 2000, Trends. Anal.Chem., 25, 1006-1015.

[8]. Gupta, S and Babu. B.V. (2009). Utilization of waste product (Tamarind seeds) for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions: Equilibrium, kinetics and regeneration studies. J.Environ.Manage. 90, 3013-3022.

[9]. Hasan, S.H., Singh, K.K., Prakash, O., Talat, M and Ho. Y.S. (2008). Removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions using agricultural waste maize bran. J.Hazard.Mater. 152, 356-365.

[10]. Huang, S.D., Fann, C.F and Hsiech, H.S. (1982). Foam separation of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution. J.Colloid.Interface.Sci. 89, 504-513.

[11]. Kongsricharoern, N and Polprasert, C. (1996). Chromium removal by a bipolar electro-chemical precipitation process. Water Sci.Technol. 34, 109-116.

[12]. Kowalshi. Z. (1994). Treatment of chromic tannery wastes. J.Hazard.Mater. 39, 137-144.

[13]. Krishna, D and PadmaSree, R. (2013). Removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by custard apple(Annona Squamosa) peel powder as adsorbent, Int.J.Appl.Sci.Eng, 11,171-194.

[14]. Krishna, D and Padma Sree, R. (2012). Removal of Chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by limonia acidissima hull powder as adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology. 7, 27-38.

[15]. Langmuir, I. (1918). Adsorption of gases on glass, Mica, and Platinum, J.Am.Chem.Soc. 40, 1361-1403.

[16]. Mohan, D. & Jr. Pittman, C.U. (2006). Activated carbon and low cost adsorbents for remediation of tri-and hexavalent chromium from water, J.Hazard.Mater., 137, 762-811.

[17]. Pagilla, K.R and Canter, L.W. (1999). Laboratory studies on remediation of Chromium –contaminated soils. J.Environ.Eng. 125, 243-248.

[18]. Park, D., Yun, Y.S. & Park, J.M. (2010). The past, present and, and future trends of biosorption, Biotechnol. Bioprocess.Eng, 15, 86-102.

[19]. Qaiser, S. (2002). Biosorption of lead (II) and chromium (VI) on groundnut hull: Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics study. Electron J Biotechn, 2009, DOI: 1021/ic2002145.

[20]. Seaman, J.C., Bertsch, P. M and Schwallie, L. (1999). In-Situ Cr (VI) reduction within coarse – textured oxidecoated soil and aquifer systems using Fe (II) solutions. Environ.Sci.Technol. 33, 938-944.

[21]. Sharma, A and Bhattacharya, K.G. (2004). Adsorption of Pb (II) from aqueous solution by Azadirachta indica (Neem leaf powder). J.Hazard.Mater. B 113, 97- 109.

[22]. Shafey, E.I. (2005). Behavior of reduction-sorption of chromium (VI) from an aqueous solution on a modified sorbent from rice husk. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 163, 81-102.

[23]. Song, W.X., Zhong, L.H and Rong, T.S. (2009). Removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution using walnut hull. J.Environ.Manage. 90, 721-729.

[24]. Tempkin, M.J. & Pyzhev, V. (1940). Recent modifications to Langmuir Isotherms, Acta Physiochim. URSS, 12, 217-222.

[25]. Tiravanti, G., Petruzzelli, D and Passino, R. (1997). Pretreatment of tannery wastewaters by an ion-exchange process for Cr (III) removal and recovery. Water Sci.Technol. 36, 197-207.

[26]. Weber, W.J. & Jr. Morris, J.C. (1963). Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, J. Sanit. Eng.Div.AMSE, 89, 31-59.

[27]. World Health Organization (2004), Guidelines for drinking water quality, 3rd ed., Genrva Vol.I, p 334.

[28]. Zhou, X., Korenaga, T., Takahashi, T., Moriwake, T and Shinoda. S. (1993). A process monitoring/controlling system for the treatment of waste water containing Cr (VI). Water Res. 1993; 27, 1049-1054

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Case Study

Assessment of Noise Environment in Cardiac Hospital – A Case Study for an Indian City

Idris Ahmed* , Ajay R. Tembhurkar**

* Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

** Head of the Department, Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

Ahmed, I., and Tembhurkar, A. R. (2014). Assessment Of Noise Environment In Cardiac Hospital - A Case Study For An Indian City. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2746

Abstract

Assessment of impact of noise on sensitive area especially in hospital environment has become most crucial concern in the recent time. Cardiac patients are one of the most sensitive and worst affected due to noise pollution. A study is therefore conducted on 100 beds cardiac hospital with a focus to assess the noise level in the hospital environment. A 16- hours sound measurement study is done using sound level meter (DAWE Model No. 1421C) to ascertain the noise level. The results indicate that the noise levels exceeded the limit of noise level prescribed by the authority. There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) spatially and temporally, in the noise exposure levels at various locations within the hospital premises. Sound pressure levels (dBA) were measured at 30 minutes intervals in the vicinity of a hospital environment. The resultant time series is analyzed using the Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) modeling technique. The time series is found to be non stationary. After first differencing, the transformed series becomes stationary and is found to be governed by a moving average process of order 1.

References

[1]. Ahmed J, Abbas A, Reem S (2006). Evaluation of traffic noise pollution. Journal of Environmental Monit. and Assess, 120: 499-525.

[2]. Box G E P, Jenkins G M, (1976). Time series analysis forecasting and control. San Francisco: Holden Day.

[3]. C.P.C.B. (2000). Ambient Air Quality in Respect of Noise. Central Pollution Control Board Schedule-Part II: Sec 3.

[4]. Gulab S T (2006) A Study of Noise around an Educational Institutional Area. Journal of Environ. Science & Engg 48 (1): 35-38.

[5]. Hilton B A (1985) Noise in acute patient care areas. Res Nurs Health 8: 283-291.

[6]. Kumar K, Jain V K, (1999) Autoregressive integrated moving averages (ARIMA) modeling of a traffic noise time series. Journal of Applied Acoustics 58: 283-294.

[7]. Lipson C, Seth N J (1973) Statistical design and analysis of engineering. New York: Mc Graw-Hill 68: 59-82.

[8]. Neriman A, Senay K (2008) Effects of intensive care unit noise on patients: a study on coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients, Journal of Clinical Nursing 17 (12): 1581–1590.

[9]. Mackenzie D J, Galburn L (2007) Noise levels and noise sources in acute care hospital wards. Building Serv. Eng. Res. Technol. 28(2): 117-131.

[10]. Narendra S, Davar S C (2004) Noise Pollution Source, Effects and Control. J. Hum. Ecol 16(3): 181-187.

[11]. Ohrstrom E, Shanberg A, Svensson H, Gidlof –Gunnarsson A (2006) Effects of road traffic noise and the benefit of access to quietness. Journal of Sound & Viberation 295: 40-59.

[12]. Olayinka S, Saadu A et al (2010) Evaluation and analysis of noise levels in IIorin metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Monit. and Assess, 160: 563-577.

[13]. Serkan O, Irmak M A, Hasan Y (2008) Determination of roadside noise reduction effectiveness of Pinus sylvestris L. Populus nigra L. in Erzurum, Turkey. Journal of Environ Monit Assess 144: 1-7.

[14]. Tsion C, Eftymiatos D, Theodossopoulou E, Notis P, Kiriakou K (1998) Noise sources and levels in the Evgenidion Hospital intensive care unit. Journal of Intensive Care Med. 24: 845-847.

[15]. Ayr U, Cirillo E, Fato I, Martellotta F (2003) A new approach to assessing the performance of noise indices in buildings. Journal of Applied Acoustics 64: 129–145.

[16]. Zhang B, Shi L, Guoqing D (2003) The influence of the visibility of the source on the subjective annoyance due to its Noise. Journal of Applied Acoustics 64:1205–1215.

i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

Current Issue Vol. 20 Issue 1

Most Read

Most Cited

Volume 9 Issue 4 May - July 2014

Hydrodynamic Methods of Extraction of Immobile Hydrocarbon Liquids in Inhomogeneous Capillaries

Panakhov G.M* , Abbasov E.M**, Abbasova N.N***, Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov****

*-**-*** Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan **** Associate Professor,Mechanical Engineering Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, USA

Panakhov, G.M., Abbasov, E.M., Abbasova, N.N., and Bakhtiyarov, S.I. (2014). Hydrodynamic Methods of Extraction of Immobile Hydrocarbon Liquids in Inhomogeneous Capillaries. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2742

Abstract

References

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Prospects of Biogas in Climate Change Mitigation and Climate Change Adaptation: A Study from Nepal

Anushiya Shrestha*

Lecturer, College of Applied Sciences, Nepal.

Shrestha, A., (2014). Prospects Of Biogas In Climate Change Mitigation And Climate Change Adaptation: A Study From Nepal. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2743

Abstract

References

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of SDS Surfactant Assisted Copper Oxide Thin Films

Iqbal Singh* , Taminder Singh**

*-** Department of Physics, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India.

Singh, I., and Singh, T. (2014). Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of SDS Surfactant Assisted Copper Oxide Thin Films . i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2744

Abstract

References

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution by Indian Gooseberry Seed Powder as Adsorbent

D. Krishna* , D.V. Padma**, P. Kavya Sruthi***, P. Siva Prasad****

* Associate Professor,Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India. **-***-**** Student, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

Krishna, D.,Padma, D.V., Sruthi, P. K., and Prasad, P. S. (2014). Removal Of Chromium From Aqueous Solution By Indian Gooseberry Seed Powder As Adsorbent. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2745

Abstract

References

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Assessment of Noise Environment in Cardiac Hospital – A Case Study for an Indian City

Idris Ahmed* , Ajay R. Tembhurkar**

* Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India. ** Head of the Department, Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

Ahmed, I., and Tembhurkar, A. R. (2014). Assessment Of Noise Environment In Cardiac Hospital - A Case Study For An Indian City. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 9(4), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.9.4.2746

Abstract

References

Full Article (HTML)

Pdf

Panakhov G.M* , Abbasov E.M, Abbasova N.N*, Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov****

-- Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan

**** Associate Professor,Mechanical Engineering Department, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, USA

D. Krishna* , D.V. Padma, P. Kavya Sruthi*, P. Siva Prasad****

* Associate Professor,Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

-*-**** Student, Department of Chemical Engineering, M.V.G.R. College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, India.

* Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.

** Head of the Department, Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India.