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i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

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Biomaterial Strategies for Immune System Enhancement and Tissue Healing
Qualitative and Quantitative Performance Optimization of Simple Gas Turbine Power Plant using Three Different Types of Fuel
Efficient Shopping: RFID-Powered Cart with Automated Billing System
Medical Drone System for Automated External Defibrillator Shock Delivery for Cardiac Arrest Patients
A Critical Review on Biodiesel Production, Process Parameters, Properties, Comparison and Challenges
Review on Deep Learning Based Image Segmentation for Brain Tumor Detection

Most Cited

Volume 16 Issue 1 August - October 2020

Research Paper

A Comparative Study on Peak Flood Discharge Estimates by Extreme Value Family of Probability Distributions

Vivekanandan N.*

Scientist-B, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Vivekanandan, N. (2020). A Comparative Study on Peak Flood Discharge Estimates by Extreme Value Family of Probability Distributions. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17521

Abstract

Estimation of Peak Flood Discharge (PFD) for a given return period is of utmost importance for planning and in design of hydraulic structures. This can be achieved through Flood Frequency Analysis (FFA) of stream flow data by fitting Extreme Value family of Distributions (EVD) that consists of Generalized Extreme Value, Extreme Value Type-1, Extreme Value Type-2 and Generalized Pareto to the series of observed Annual Maximum Discharge (AMD) data. Based on the intended applications and the variate under consideration, Method of Moments (MoM), Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) and LMoments (LMO) are used for determination of parameters of the distributions. In this paper, a comparative study on PFD estimates adopting EVD for Bhuntar, Manali and Parvati sites is carried out. The adequacy of fitting EVD applied in FFA has been evaluated by quantitative assessment using Goodness-of-Fit (Chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov) and diagnostic (D-index) tests, and qualitative assessment by the fitted curves of the estimated values. This paper presents that the GPA (LMO) distribution is a best fit for estimation of PFD at Bhuntar while GEV (LMO) for Manali and EV1 (LMO) for Parvati.

References

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[2]. Atiem, I. A., & Harmancio, N. B. (2006). Assessment of regional floods using L-moments approach: The case of the River Nile. Water Resources Management, 20(5), 723- 747.

[3]. Aziz, K., Rahman, A., Fang, G., & Shrestha, S. (2014). Application of artificial neural networks in regional flood frequency analysis: A case study for Australia. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 28(3), 541- 554.

[4]. Bhuyan, A., Borah, M., & Kumar, R. (2010). Regional flood frequency analysis of north-bank of the river Brahmaputra by using LH-moments. Water Resources Management, 24(9), 1779-1790.

[5]. Central Water Commission. (2010). Development of Hydrological Design Aids (Surface water) under Hydrology Project II: State of the Art Report (Report No. 2009097/WR/REP-02). New Delhi, India: Central Water Commission.

[6]. Gharib, A., Davies, E. G., Goss, G. G., & Faramarzi, M. (2017). Assessment of the combined effects of threshold selection and parameter estimation of Generalized Pareto Distribution with applications to flood frequency analysis. Water, 9(9), 692-709.

[7]. Ghorbani, A. M., Ruskeep, A. H., Singh, V. P., & Sivakumar, B. (2010). Flood Frequency analysis using mathematica. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 34 (3), 171-188.

[8]. Gubareva, T. S., & Gartsman, B. I. (2010). Estimating distribution parameters of extreme hydrometeorological characteristics by L-moments method. Water Resources, 37(4), 437-445.

[9]. Haberlandt, U., & Radtke, I. (2014), Hydrological model calibration for derived flood frequency analysis using stochastic rainfall and probability distributions of peak flows. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 18(1), 353-365.

[10]. Haktanir, T., & Horlacher, H. B. (1993). Evaluation of various distributions for flood frequency analysis. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 38(1), 15-32.

[11]. Hassan, M. U., Hayat, O., & Noreen, Z. (2019). Selecting the best probability distribution for at-site flood frequency analysis: A study of Torne River. SN Applied Sciences, 1(12), 1629-1639.

[12]. Hosking, J. R. M. (1990). L-moments: Analysis and estimation of distributions using linear combinations of order statistics. Royal Statistical Society (Series B), 52(1), 105-124.

[13]. Hosking, J. R. M., & Wallis, J. R. (1993). Some statistics useful in regional frequency analysis. Water Resources Research, 29(2), 271-281.

[14]. IACWD. (1982). Guidelines For Determining Flood Flow Frequency Bulletin No. 17B, Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data. Washington D.C, New York: United States Water Resources Council.

[15]. Kjeldsen, T. R., Smithers, J. C., & Schulze, R. E. (2002). Regional flood frequency analysis in the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, using the index-flood method. Journal of Hydrology, 255(1-4), 194–211.

[16]. Komi, K., Amisigo, B. A., Diekkrüger, B., & Hountondji, F. C. (2016). Regional flood frequency analysis in the Volta River basin, West Africa. Hydrology, 3(1), 5-20.

[17]. Kumar, R., & Chatterjee, C. (2005). Regional flood frequency analysis using L-moments for North Brahmaputra region of India. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 10(1), 1-7.

[18]. Kumar, R., Chatterjee, C., Kumar, S., Lohani, A. K., & Singh, R. D. (2003). Development of regional flood frequency relationships using L-moments for Middle Ganga Plains Subzone 1(f) of India. Water Resources Management, 17(4), 243–257.

[19]. Lawrence, D. (2020). Uncertainty introduced by flood frequency analysis in projections for changes in flood magnitudes under a future climate in Norway. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 28, 1-17.

[20]. Malekinezhad, H., Nachtnebel, H. P., & Klik, A. (2011). Regionalization approach for extreme flood analysis using L-moments. Agricultural Science and Technology (Iran), 13 (Supplementary Issue), 1183-1196.

[21]. Markiewicz, I., Strupczewski, W. G., Bogdanowicz, E., & Kochanek. (2015). Generalized exponential distribution in flood frequency analysis for Polish Rivers. PLOS One, 10(12), 1-15.

[22]. Naghavi, B., Yu, F. X., & Singh, V. P. (1993). Comparative evaluation of frequency distributions for Louisiana extreme rainfall. Water Resources Bulletin, 29(2), 211-219.

[23]. Osarumwense, O. I., & Rose, N. C. (2014). Parameters estimation methods of the Weibull distribution: A comparative study. Elixir Statistics, 69, 23177-23184.

[24]. Rao, A. R., & Hameed, K. H. (2000). Flood Frequency Analysis. Florida, USA: CRC Press.

[25]. Saf, B. (2009). Regional flood frequency analysis using L-Moments for the West Mediterranean Region of Turkey Water Resources Management, 23(3), 531-551.

[26]. Seckin, N., Haktanir, T., & Yurtal, R. (2011). Flood frequency analysis of Turkey using L-moments method. Hydrological Processes, 25(22), 3499-3505.

[27]. Vogel, R. M., & Wilson, I. (1996). Probability distribution of annual maximum, mean, and minimum streamflows in the United States. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 1(2), 69-76.

[28]. Yue, S., & Wang, C. Y. (2004). Possible regional probability distribution type of Canadian annual streamflow by L-moments. Water Resources Management, 18(5), 425- 438.

[29]. Zhang, J. (2002). Powerful goodness-of-fit tests based on the likelihood ratio. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 64(2), 281-294.

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Research Paper

Performance Analysis of Hybrid Controller in SMIB System using Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques under Different Design Criteria

Nidhi Sahu* , Mahesh Singh , Shimpy Ralhan *

* Power System Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

-* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Sahu, N., Singh, M., and Ralhan, S. (2020). Performance Analysis of Hybrid Controller in SMIB System using Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques under Different Design Criteria. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17384

Abstract

Structures are seen in an integrated manner than individual way due to its dynamic behaviour. This paper assesses the reliability development of the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) System. The MATLAB/Simulink is used to analyze the system's reaction. The synchronous unit, excitation mechanism and FOPID-PSS are the three most critical components for study of the SMIB system. Most control units are configured to decrease the noise at low frequencies. Here robust controller is used to enhance stability and reduce machine vibrations. To incorporate the reliability criterion, an optimization strategy is used. The high rate of convergence over the ant colony optimization and the harmony search algorithm favours the eagle perching optimization.

References

[1]. Abdul-ghaffar, H. I., Ebrahim, E. A., & Azzam, M. (2014). Design of PID controller for power system stabilization using th ant colony optimization technique. In Proceedings of 16 International Middle- East Power Systems Conference - MEPCON'2014.

[2]. Al-Hinai, A. S., & Al-Hinai, S. M. (2009, January). Dynamic stability enhancement using particle swarm nd optimization power system stabilizer. In 2009, 2 International Conference on Adaptive Science & Technology (ICAST) (pp. 117-119). IEEE.

[3]. Chaib, L., Choucha, A., & Arif, S. (2017). Optimal design and tuning of novel fractional order PID power system stabilizer using a new metaheuristic Bat algorithm. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 8(2), 113-125.

[4]. Hameed, K. A., & Palani, S. (2014). Robust design of power system stabilizer using harmony search algorithm. Automatika, 55(2), 162-169.

[5]. Jagadeesh, P., & Veerraju, M. S. (2016, February). Particle swarm optimization based power system stabilizer for SMIB system. In 2016, International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Technology and Science (ICETETS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[6]. Kasilingam, G. (2014). Particle swarm optimization based PID power system stabilizer for a synchronous machine. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 8(1), 111- 116.

[7]. Khan, A. T., Senior, S. L., Stanimirovic, P. S., & Zhang, Y. (2018). Model-free optimization using eagle perching optimizer. arXiv preprint arXiv:1807.02754.

[8]. Maurya, A. K., Bongulwar, M. R., & Patre, B. M. (2015, December). Tuning of fractional order PID controller for higher order process based on ITAE minimization. In 2015, Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[9]. Marzaki, M. H., Tajjudin, M., Rahiman, M. H. F., & Adnan, R. (2015, May). Performance of FOPI with error filter based on controller's performance criterion (ISE, IAE and ITAE). In 2015, 10th Asian Control Conference (ASCC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[10]. Morsali, J., Kazemzadeh, R., & Azizian, M. R. (2015, May). Introducing FOPID-PSS to increase small-signal stability of multi-machine power system. In 2015, 23rd Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (pp. 1510-1515). IEEE.

[11]. Singh, M., Neema, D. D., & Patel, R. N. (2017). Improving stability in hydel power system using ant colony optimized tuned controller. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 11(2), 21-30.

[12]. Singh, M., Patel, R. N., & Jhapte, R. (2016, January). Performance comparison of optimized controller tuning techniques for voltage stability. In 2016, IEEE First International Conference on Control, Measurement and Instrumentation (CMI) (pp. 11-15). IEEE.

[13]. Singh, M., Patel, R. N., & Neema, D. D. (2019). Robust tuning of excitation controller for stability enhancement using multi-objective metaheuristic Firefly algorithm. Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, 44, 136-147.

[14]. Soni, Y. K., & Bhatt, R. (2013). BF-PSO optimized PID controller design using ISE, IAE, IATE and MSE error criteria. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET), 2(7), 2333-2336.

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Research Paper

A Order Reduction of LTI Systems Using Pade and Routh-Pade Approximation

Jay Kumar*

Department of Electronics Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Kota, Rajasthan, India.

Kumar, J. (2020). A Order Reduction of LTI Systems Using Pade and Routh-Pade Approximation. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17444

Abstract

Physical systems such as, electrical power system, aircraft, chemical plants, urban traffic networks, digital communication networks, economic systems and control system can be described mathematically, which is complex and large in dimension. In most of the practical situations higher order model is obtained from theoretical considerations. The higher order model possess so many problems in the analysis and design. So, it is usually recommended to reduce the order of the model retaining the dominant behaviour of the original system. Order reduction techniques help to decrease the computational complexity, reduce the hardware complexity and better understand the large scale system. In this paper, an order reduction technique such as pade approximation and mixed method of routh approximation is used. In mixed technique, the routh approximation method is used for determining the denominator coefficients of the reduced model and the numerator coefficients are calculated by the pade method. The response of reduced order model obtained is compared on the basis of unit step response also time domain and frequency domain characteristics is calculated and compared with previously obtain model.

References

[1]. Bansal, J. C., Sharma, H., & Arya, K. V. (2011). Model order reduction of single input single output systems using artificial bee colony optimization algorithm. In Nature Inspired Cooperative Strategies for Optimization (NICSO 2011) (pp. 85-100). Heidelberg, Berlin: Springer.

[2]. Gutman, P., Mannerfelt, C., & Molander, P. (1982). Contributions to the model reduction problem. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 27(2), 454-455.

[3]. Hutton, M., & Friedland, B. (1975). Routh approximations for reducing order of linear, time-invariant systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 20(3), 329-337.

[4]. Krishnamurthy, V., & Seshadri, V. (1978). Model reduction using the Routh stability criterion. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 23(4), 729-731.

[5]. Kumar, J., Sikander, A., Mehrotra, M., & Parmar, G. (2019). A new soft computing approach for order diminution of interval system. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 1-8.

[6]. Lucas, T. N. (1988). Differentiation reduction method as a multipoint pade approximant. Electronics Letters, 24(1), 60-61.

[7]. Manohar, H., & Sambariya, D. K. (2016). Model order reduction of mimo system using differentiation method. In th IEEE Proceeding of 10 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (pp. 347-351).

[8]. Mittal, A. K., Prasad, R., & Sharma, S. P. (2004). Reduction of linear dynamics systems using an error minimization technique. Journal of Institution of Engineers - EL, 84, 201-206.

[9]. Mukherjee, S., & Mishra, R. N. (1987). Order reduction of linear systems using an error minimization technique. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 323(1), 23-32.

[10]. Parmar, G., Mukherjee, S., & Prasad, R. (2007). System reduction using factor division algorithm and eigen spectrum analysis. Applied Mathematical Modeling, 31(11), 2542-2552.

[11]. Prajapati, A. K., & Prasad, R. (2018). Order reduction of linear dynamic systems by improved Routh approximation method. IETE Journal of Research, 65(5), 702-715.

[12]. Prasad, R. (2000). Pade type model order reduction for multivariable systems using Routh approximation. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 26(6), 445-459.

[13]. Sambariya, D. K., & Manohar, H. (2016). Preservation of stability for reduced order model of large scale systems using differentiation method. Journal of Advances in Mathematics and Computer Science, 13(6), 1-17.

[14]. Sambariya, D. K., & Prasad, R. (2012). Differentiation method based stable reduced model of single machine infinite bus system with power system stabilizer. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 7(11), 2116- 2120.

[15]. Shamash, Y. (1974). Stable reduced-order models using Padé-type approximations. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 19(5), 615-616.

[16]. Shamash, Y. (1975). Model reduction using the Routh stability criterion and the Padé approximation technique. International Journal of Control, 21(3), 475-484.

[17]. Sikander, A., & Prasad, R. (2015). Linear time-invariant system reduction using a mixed methods approach. Applied Mathematical Modeling, 39(16), 4848-4858.

[18]. Sinha, A. K., & Pal, J. (1990). Simulation based reduced order modelling using a clustering technique. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 16(3), 159-169.

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Research Paper

A Step By Step Design of PV System - A Research Approach for Engineering Graduates

M. Venkatesan* , C. S. Subash Kumar, M Sathiyanathan*

* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vignan's Lara Institute of Technology & Science, Andhra Pradesh, India.

-* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Tamil Nadu, India.

Venkatesan, M., Kumar, C. S. S., and Sathiyanathan, M. (2020). A Step by Step Design of PV System: A Research Approach for Engineering Graduates. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17423

Abstract

Engineering is an application of Science and Technology and teaching methods of engineering students has to be innovative and it must be implemented through Problem Based Learning (PBL) to enhance the learning capability of the students. PBL approach acts as a bridge between theory and practice. In this paper, a step by step procedure of simulation of Photovoltaic (PV) inverter system is designed and this methodology is very useful to the engineering students. The Perturbation and Observation (P&O) based Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT) algorithm has been examined for the tracking of maximum power from the PV panel. The modelling of the PV cell equation has been explained with step by step procedure. The performance of the boost converter has been verified through simulation results. The understanding level of the proposed approach has been analyzed through feedback forms and its educational benefits are also discussed.

References

[1]. Babu, R. S. R., & Soani, M. (2013). Three-phase non isolated interleaved boost converter. i-manager's Journal on Power Systems Engineering, 1(3), 21-27.

[2]. Harun, N. F., Yusof, K. M., Jamaludin, M. Z., & Hassan, S. A. H. S. (2012). Motivation in problem-based learning implementation. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 56, 233-242.

[3]. Hosseinzadeh, N., & Hesamzadeh, M. R. (2012). Application of project-based learning (PBL) to the teaching of electrical power systems engineering. IEEE Transactions on Education, 55(4), 495-501.

[4]. Husain, M, A., Jalil, M. F., Tabish, M., Beg, S., Naseem, M., & Tariq, A. (2012). Modeling and study of a standalone PV system using MATLAB/SIMULINK. i-manager's Journal on Electrical Engineering, 5(4), 30-35.

[5]. Lamar, D. G., Miaja, P. F., Arias, M., Rodriguez, A., Rodriguez, M., Vázquez, A., & Sebastián, J. (2011). Experiences in the application of project-based learning in a switching-mode power supplies course. IEEE Transactions on Education, 55(1), 69-77.

[6]. Martínez, F., Herrero, L. C., & De Pablo, S. (2010). Project-based learning and rubrics in the teaching of power supplies and photovoltaic electricity. IEEE Transactions on Education, 54(1), 87-96.

[7]. Noordegraaf-Eelens, L., Kloeg, J., & Noordzij, G. (2019). PBL and sustainable education: Addressing the problem of isolation. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 24(5), 971-979.

[8]. Ortega-Alvarez, J. D., Sanchez, W., & Magana, A. J. (2018). Exploring undergraduate students' computational modeling abilities and conceptual understanding of electric circuits. IEEE Transactions on Education, 61(3), 204- 213.

[9]. Riebe, L., Roepen, D., Sahtarelli, B., & Marchioro, G. (2010). Teamwork: Effectively teaching an employability skill, Education and Training, 52(6/7), 528-539.

[10]. Stappenbelt, B. (2013). The effectiveness of the teaching–research nexus in facilitating student learning. Engineering Education, 8(1), 111-121.

[11]. Suriyakala, S., Mahendran, K., & Indhumathy, B. (2012). Harmonic optimization of multilevel inverters using hybrid GA/PSO. i-manager's Journal on Electronics Engineering, 2(3), 16-21.

[12]. Venkatesan, M., Adhavan, B., Suresh, K., Balachander, K., & Prabakar, M. L. C. (2020). Research on FPGA controlled three phase PV inverter using multi carrier PWM control schemes. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 103089.

[13]. Venkatesan, M., Rajeswari, R., & Keerthivasan, K. (2012, December). A survey of single phase grid connected photovoltaic system. In 2012, International Conference on Emerging Trends in Science, Engineering and Technology (INCOSET) (pp. 404-408). IEEE.

[14]. Zimny, J., Bielik, S., Michalak, P., & Bojko, M. (2018). The laboratory stand for measurements and analysis of photovoltaic modules. International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education, 55(2), 142-154.

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Review Paper

Effects of Pre-Coating Treatment and Bond-Coat Composition on Thermal Cycling Behavior of TBC Systems

Huseyin Adanir* , Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov**

* Department of Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

** Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, USA.

Adanir, H., and Bakhtiyarov, S. I. (2020). Effects of Pre-Coating Treatment and Bond-Coat Composition on Thermal Cycling Behavior of TBC Systems. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 36-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17391

Abstract

This paper discusses the effects of the pre-coating treatment and the bond-coat composition on the lifetime and the behavior of thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. Some literature based analyses have been made on the influence of pretreating a thermal barrier coating composed of a single crystalline Ni based super alloy CMSX-4, platinum aluminide bond coat and an Electron-Beam Physical Vapor Deposition(EB-PVD) processed ceramic top coat, prior to deposition of the ceramic top coat. Some analyses show that the specimens annealed in the oxygen containing ArH atmosphere 0 for 4 hours at 1080 ⁰C have a higher cyclic lifetime as compared to the standard treated specimens. The increase in lifetime can be attributed to the formation of a stable and defined thermally grown oxide prior to and during TBC deposition. Also, the bond coat with the silicon gradient effectively prevents the diffusion of Mo thereby increasing the TBC lifetime.

References

[1]. Baufeld, B., & Schulz, U. (2006). Life time dependency on the pre-coating treatment of a thermal barrier coating under thermal cycling. Surface and Coatings Technology, 201(6), 2667-2675.

[2]. Zhang, D., Gong, S., Xu, H., Zhang, H., & Han, Y. (2003). Thermal cycling behaviors of thermal barrier coatings on intermetallic Ni Al based superalloy. Surface and Coatings 3 Technology, 168(1), 78-83.

[3]. Evans, A. G., Mumm, D. R., Hutchinson, J. W., Meier, G. A. & Pettit, F. S. (2001). Mechanisms controlling the durability of thermal barrier coatings. Progress in Materials Science, 46(5), 505-553.

[4]. Lin Chen, L., & Yueming, L. (2018). A coupled mechanical-chemical model for reflecting the influence of stress on oxidation reactions in thermal barrier coating. Journal of Applied Physics, 123, 215-305.

[5]. Lin, C. & Li, Y. M. (2016). Interface stress evolution considering the combined creep–plastic behavior in thermal barrier coatings. Materials Design, 89, 245-254.

[6]. Chai, Y. J., Lin, C., & Li, Y. M. (2017). Effects of creepplastic behavior on stress development in TBCs during cooling. Ceramics International, 43, 11627-11634.

[7]. Gell, M., Sridharan, S., Wen, M., & Jordan, E. H., (2004). Photoluminescence piezospectroscopy: A multi-purpose quality control and Ndi technique for thermal barrier coatings. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 1(4), 316-329.

[8]. Evans, A. G. & Hutchinson, J. W. (2007). The mechanics of coating delamination in thermal gradients. Surface and Coatings Technology, 201, 7905-7916.

[9]. Scardi, P., Leoni, M., & Bertamini, L. (1995). Influence of Phase stability on the residual stress in partially stabilized Zirconia TBC produced by plasma spray. Surface Coating Technology, 76-77, 106-112.

[10]. Limarga, A. M., VaBen, R. & Clarke, D. R. (2011). Stress distributions in plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings under thermal cycling in a temperature gradient. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 78, 1-9.

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Case Study

Effect of COVID-19 Induced Lockdown on Air Quality in Kampala

M. Abisha Meji * , Milon Selvam Dennison, M. Mobisha *

* Department of Physical Science, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Kampala, Uganda.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Kampala, Uganda.

* Bethlahem College of Education, Tamilnadu, India.

Meji, M. A., Dennison, M. S., and Mobisha, M. (2020). Effect of Covid-19 Induced Lockdown on Air Quality in Kampala. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 43-48. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17546

World Health Organization : COVID-19 - Global literature on coronavirus disease

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/resource/en/covidwho-963190

ProQuest Central | ID: covidwho-963190

Abstract

Kampala, the capital city of Uganda is one of the notable and busiest cities in the East African territory. In recent days it is observed that the air pollution in Kampala city is rapidly increasing due to the hike of vehicles running in fossil fuels, industrialization and the use of biomass fuel for domestic purposes. This article explicit the Air Quality Index (AQI) measured in a key region (US embassy, Kampala) during the COVID-19 induced lockdown period. The data has been compared with the same period of the previous year. Promising and notable observations were made in terms of AQI of Kampala city.

References

[1]. AirNow (n.d.). Home of the U.S. Air Quality Index.

[2]. Atuyambe, L. (2018, September). A six months exposure assessment of ambient PM2.5 concentration in Kampala, Uganda: Preliminary results from the Eastern Africa geohealth hub. In International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Conference Abstracts. (Vol. 2018, No. 1).

[3]. Chauhan, A., & Singh, R. P. (2020). Decline in PM2.5 concentrations over major cities around the world associated with COVID-19. Environmental Research, 187, 109634.

[4]. Choi, J., Oh, J. Y., Lee, Y. S., Min, K. H., Hur, G. Y., Lee, S. Y., ... & Shim, J. J. (2018). Harmful impact of air pollution on severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Particulate matter is hazardous. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 13, 1053-1059.

[5]. Cohen, A. J., Brauer, M., Burnett, R., Anderson, H. R., Frostad, J., Estep, K., ... & Feigin, V. (2017). Estimates and 25- year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: An analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015. The Lancet, 389(10082), 1907-1918.

[6]. Gautam, S. (2020). The influence of COVID-19 on air quality in India: A boon or inutile. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 104, 724-726.

[7]. Gupta, N., Tomar, A., & Kumar, V. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the air environment in India. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 6 (Special Issue (Covid-19)), 31-40.

[8]. Kirenga, B. J., Meng, Q., Van Gemert, F., Aanyu- Tukamuhebwa, H., Chavannes, N., Katamba, A., ... & Mohsenin, V. (2015). The state of ambient air quality in two Ugandan cities: A pilot cross-sectional spatial assessment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(7), 8075-8091.

[9]. Mahato, S., Pal, S., & Ghosh, K. G. (2020). Effect of lockdown amid COVID-19 pandemic on air quality of the megacity Delhi, India. Science of the Total Environment, 730, 139086.

[10]. To, T., Zhu, J., Larsen, K., Simatovic, J., Feldman, L., Ryckman, K., ... & Villeneuve, P. J. (2016). Progression from asthma to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Is air pollution a risk factor? American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 194(4), 429-438.

[11]. World Health Organization. (2016). Ambient Air Pollution: A Global Assessment of Exposure and Burden of Disease. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Document Production Services.

i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)

Current Issue Vol. 20 Issue 1

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Volume 16 Issue 1 August - October 2020

A Comparative Study on Peak Flood Discharge Estimates by Extreme Value Family of Probability Distributions

Vivekanandan N.*

Scientist-B, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Vivekanandan, N. (2020). A Comparative Study on Peak Flood Discharge Estimates by Extreme Value Family of Probability Distributions. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17521

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Performance Analysis of Hybrid Controller in SMIB System using Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques under Different Design Criteria

Nidhi Sahu* , Mahesh Singh **, Shimpy Ralhan ***

* Power System Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India. **-*** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

Sahu, N., Singh, M., and Ralhan, S. (2020). Performance Analysis of Hybrid Controller in SMIB System using Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques under Different Design Criteria. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17384

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A Order Reduction of LTI Systems Using Pade and Routh-Pade Approximation

Jay Kumar*

Department of Electronics Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Kota, Rajasthan, India.

Kumar, J. (2020). A Order Reduction of LTI Systems Using Pade and Routh-Pade Approximation. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17444

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A Step By Step Design of PV System - A Research Approach for Engineering Graduates

M. Venkatesan* , C. S. Subash Kumar**, M Sathiyanathan***

* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vignan's Lara Institute of Technology & Science, Andhra Pradesh, India. **-*** Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Tamil Nadu, India.

Venkatesan, M., Kumar, C. S. S., and Sathiyanathan, M. (2020). A Step by Step Design of PV System: A Research Approach for Engineering Graduates. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17423

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Effects of Pre-Coating Treatment and Bond-Coat Composition on Thermal Cycling Behavior of TBC Systems

Huseyin Adanir* , Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov**

* Department of Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. ** Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, USA.

Adanir, H., and Bakhtiyarov, S. I. (2020). Effects of Pre-Coating Treatment and Bond-Coat Composition on Thermal Cycling Behavior of TBC Systems. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 36-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17391

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Effect of COVID-19 Induced Lockdown on Air Quality in Kampala

M. Abisha Meji * , Milon Selvam Dennison**, M. Mobisha ***

* Department of Physical Science, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Kampala, Uganda. ** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Kampala, Uganda. *** Bethlahem College of Education, Tamilnadu, India.

Meji, M. A., Dennison, M. S., and Mobisha, M. (2020). Effect of Covid-19 Induced Lockdown on Air Quality in Kampala. i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 16(1), 43-48. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.16.1.17546

World Health Organization : COVID-19 - Global literature on coronavirus disease

ProQuest Central | ID: covidwho-963190

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Nidhi Sahu* , Mahesh Singh , Shimpy Ralhan *

* Power System Engineering, Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

-* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.

M. Venkatesan* , C. S. Subash Kumar, M Sathiyanathan*

* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vignan's Lara Institute of Technology & Science, Andhra Pradesh, India.

-* Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Tamil Nadu, India.

* Department of Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

** Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico, USA.

M. Abisha Meji * , Milon Selvam Dennison, M. Mobisha *

* Department of Physical Science, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Kampala, Uganda.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Kampala, Uganda.

* Bethlahem College of Education, Tamilnadu, India.