i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering (JCE)

Current Issue Vol. 14 Issue 2

Behavioral Studies on Sorptivity of the Concrete Blended with Nano Silica
Optimization of Lane Based Signalized Intersections through VISSIM at Outer Ring Road Bengaluru
Trend Analysis of Rainfall Data using Mann-Kendall Test and Sen's Slope Estimator
A Review on Sustainable Utilization of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for the Production of Mortar and Concrete
A Critical Review of Experimental Research on the Durability of Cement Modified with Partial Steel Slag Replacement

Most Cited

Volume 10 Issue 4 September - November 2020

Research Paper

Identification of Pedestrian Black Spots using ARCGIS and Improvements in Road Stretches

Varun. R. G.* , L. Durga prashanth, Vibhav H. V.*

*-*** Department of Civil Engineering, Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Varun, R. G., Prashanth, L. D., and Vibhav, H. V. (2020). Identification of Pedestrian Black Spots using ARCGIS and Improvements in Road Stretches. i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering, 10(4), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.10.4.17538

Abstract

It is estimated that 1.35 million individuals expire from road collisions and that over 50 million people are injured globally last year. Road traffic deaths were predicted to be the world's third important reason of death by 2020, and minute work is done to reverse this trend. Road injuries include several dynamic variables that impact the accident to varying degrees and how to identify these variables and differentiate between relationships are the most important problems in trying to avoid and minimize black spots on the route. Based on the category of roads, five road stretches are selected for the study. Data collection are made by collecting the existing road features condition. 223 First Investigation Report (FIR) copies related to study area were obtained from the concerned 12 police stations for three years (2017,2018,2019). The main objectives of the project are analysis of different characteristics of the blackspot such as time of occurrence, type of injuries and the type of vehicle involvement in pedestrian accidents along the stretch. Weighted severity index is used to determine the severity of accidents. Identification of black spot location for pedestrians using kernel density tool in ArcGIS software. Identification of parameters contributing for accidents, and provide countermeasures to reduce the accident rate.

References

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[2]. Abdulhafedh, A. (2017). A novel hybrid method for measuring the spatial auto correlation of vehicular crashes: Combining Moran's index and Getis-Ord G* i statistic. Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 7(02), 208–221.

[3]. Bíl, M., Andrášik, R., Svoboda, T., & Sedoník, J. (2016). The KDE+software: A tool for effective identification and ranking of animal-vehicle collision hotspots along networks. Landscape Ecology, 31(2), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.10 07/s10980-015-0265

[4]. Chen, X., Huang, L., Dai, D., Zhu, M., & Jin, K. (2018). Hotspots of road traffic crashes in a redeveloping area of Shanghai. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 25(3), 293-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/174 57300.2018.1431938

[5]. Chen, Y., & He, Z. K. (2012). Analysis and improvement of road black spots in Ningbo City. In CICTP 2012: Multimodal Transportation Systems - Convenient, Safe, Cost-Effective, Efficient (pp. 2639-2649).

[6]. Dereli, M. A., & Erdogan, S. (2017). A new model for determining the traffic accident black spots using GISaided spatial statistical methods. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 103, 106-117. https://doi.org/1 0.1016/j.tra.2017.05.031

[7]. Erdogan, S., Yilmaz, I., Baybura, T., & Gullu, M. (2008). Geographical information systems aided traffic accident analysis system case study: City of Afyonkarahisar. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40(1), 174-181. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.aap.2007.05.004.

[8]. Guifang, S., Yuan, H., Cheng, J., & Huang, X. (2009). Pedestrian safety consideration and improvement. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Transportation Engineering (pp. 899-904).

[9]. Harirforoush, H., & Bellalite, L. (2016). A new integrated GIS-based analysis to detect hotspots: A case study of the city of Sherbrooke. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 130, 62- 74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.08.015

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[12]. Indian Road Congress. (2014). Manual of specifications and standards for four laning of highways through public private partnership (IRC:SP: 84-2014). Indian Road Congress Special Publication. https://law.resource. org/pub/in/bis/irc/irc.gov.in.sp.084.2014.pdf

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[15]. Indian Road Congress. (2016). Road accident forms A1 and A4 (IRC 53-2016). Indian Road Congress.

[16]. Latour, B. (2019). Analysis of the causes of road blackspots based on the improved rough sets theory. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(9), 1689-99.

[17]. Liu, Y. (2013). Highway traffic accident black spot analysis of influencing factors. In ICTE 2013: Safety, Speediness, Intelligence, Low-Carbon, Innovation (pp. 2295-2300). https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413159.333

[18]. Lloyd, C. D. (2010). Spatial data analysis: An introduction for GIS users. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[19]. Mohaymany, A. S., Shahri, M., & Mirbagheri, B. (2013). GIS-based method for detecting high-crash-risk road segments using network kernel density estimation. Geo-spatial Information Science, 16(2), 113-119. https:// doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2013.766396

[20]. MORTH. (2019). Road accidents in India - 2018. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India. Retrieved https://morth.nic.in/sites/default/files/ Road_Accidednts.pdf

[21]. Okabe, A., & Sugihara, K. (2012). Spatial analysis along networks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

[22]. Persaud, B., Lyon C., & Nguyen T. (1999). Empirical bayes procedure for ranking sites for safety investigation by potential for safety improvement. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1665(1), 7-12.

[23]. Thakali, L., Kwon, T. J., & Fu, L. (2015). Identification of crash hotspots using kernel density estimation and kriging methods: A comparison. Journal of Modern Transportation, 23(2), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40534-015-0068-0

[24]. Vadlamani, S., Chen, E., Ahn, S., & Washington, S. (2011). Identifying large truck hot spots using crash counts and PDOEs. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 137(1), 11-21.

[25]. Vemulapalli, S. S., Ulak, M. B., Ozguven, E. E., Sando, T., Horner, M. W., Abdelrazig, Y., & Moses, R. (2017). GISbased spatial and temporal analysis of aging-involved accidents: A case study of three counties in florida. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 10(4), 537-563. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s12061-016-9192-4

[26]. Ver Hoef, J. M., Peterson, E. E., Hooten, M. B., Hanks, E. M., & Fortin, M. J. (2018). Spatial auto regressive models for statistical inference from ecological data. Ecological Monographs, 88(1), 36-59. https://doi.org/10.1002/ec m.1283

[27]. Xie, Z., & Yan, J. (2008). Kernel density estimation of traffic accidents in a network space. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 32(5), 396-406.

[28]. Zahran, E. S. M. M., Tan, S. J., Tan, E. H. A., Mohamad Asri Putra, N. A. A. B., Yap, Y. H., & Abdul Rahman, E. K. (2019). Spatial analysis of road traffic accident hotspots: evaluation and validation of recent approaches using road safety audit. Journal of Transportation Safety and Security, 1–30. https:// doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2019.165867

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Research Paper

Experimental Investigation of HFRC Precast Beam using Cyclic Loading

Veena N. *

Department of Civil Engineering, Rajarajeswari College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Veena, N. (2020). Experimental Investigation of HFRC Precast Beam using Cyclic Loading. i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering, 10(4), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.10.4.17596

Abstract

Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (HFRC) is analyzed in this examination. Two kinds of synthetic fibre had been considered polyvinyl alcohol fibre/macro synthetic fibre (PVA/MSF) and polypropylene fibre/macro synthetic fibre (PPF/MSF). Styrene butadiene latex has been introduced at 0 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent, and 15 percent by weight of cement. Tests has been carried out to study strength parameters such as compression and flexure strength, resistance to wear, and resistance to impact. Outcome of the study results that higher latex contents improve the dispersibility of the fibre because of the increased workability of the Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (HFRC) and the improved adhesion. Formation of a latex layer on concrete improved the strength parameter, permeability resistance, abrasion resistant, and impact resistant. PVA/MSF HFRC had higher properties than PPF/MSF HFRC. This change in attribute for stronger hydrogen bonding via the hydrophilic PVA fibres, led to advanced resistance to micro-cracking and crack propagation.

References

[1]. Alberti, M. G., Enfedaque, A., Gálvez, J. C., Cánovas, M. F., & Osorio, I. R. (2014). Polyolefin fiber-reinforced concrete enhanced with steel-hooked fibers in low proportions. Materials & Design, 60, 57-65. https://doi.org/1 0.1016/j.matdes.2014.03.050

[2]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1963). Methods of Test for Aggregates for Concrete - Part I - Particle Shape ans Size (IS 2386 (Part I): 1963). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[3]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1970). Specification for Coarse and Fine Aggregates From Natural Sources for Concrete (IS 383: 1970). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[4]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (1987). Ordinary Portland cement, 53 grade - Specification (IS 12269: 1987). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[5]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2000). Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice (IS 456: 2000). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[6]. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2009). Concrete mix proportioning Guidelines (IS 10262:2009). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

[7]. Choi, W. C., Yun, H. D., Cho, C. G., & Feo, L. (2014). Attempts to apply high performance fiber-reinforced cement composite (HPFRCC) to infrastructures in South Korea. Composite Structures, 109, 211-223. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.10.027

[8]. Ferrier, E., Michel, L., Zuber, B., & Chanvillard, G. (2015). Mechanical behaviour of ultra-high-performance short-fibre- reinforced concrete beams with internal fibre reinforced polymer bars. Composites Part B: Engineering, 68, 246-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.08.001

[9]. Ganesan, N., Indira, P. V., & Sabeena, M. V. (2014). Behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete beam –column joints under reverse cyclic loads. Materials & Design, 54, 686-693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.20 13.08.076

[10]. Muthuswamy, K. R., & Thirugnanam, G. S. (2014). Structural behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete exterior Beam-Column joint subjected to cyclic loading. International Journal of Civil & Structural Engineering, 4(3), 262-273. https://doi.org/10.6088/ijcser.201304010026

[11]. Shetty, M. S. (2006). Concrete technology - theory and practice. New Delhi, India: S Chand and Company. Retrieved from https://www.abebooks.com/CONCRETETECHNOLOGY- M.S.SHETTY-S-Chand-Publishing/16600060 599/bd

[12]. Shin, M., Gwon, S. W., Lee, K., Han, S. W., & Jo, Y. W. (2014). Effectiveness of high performance fiber-reinforced cement composites in slender coupling beams. Construction and Building Materials, 68, 476-490. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.089

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Research Paper

Reprocessing of Glass Material in Enhancing Cement Mortar with Coarse Aggregates

KONDURU ANAND* , Syed Afzal Basha , S. Vinay Babu *, Sivananda Reddy Y. ****

*-**** Department of Civil Engineering, G. Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous), Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Anand, K., Basha, S. A., Babu, S. V., and Reddy, S. Y. (2020). Reprocessing of Glass Material in Enhancing Cement Mortar with Coarse Aggregates. i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering, 10(4), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.10.4.17676

Abstract

The possibility of recycling mixed colour waste glass for manufacturing decorative architectural mortars, has been investigated. In mortars, the 0–33–66–100% of calcareous gravel volume has been replaced with recycled glass cullets, with no other inorganic addition. To mitigate the possible alkali–silica reaction, mixes with a hydrophobic admixture were also compared. The obtained results show that the replacement of calcareous gravel with glass cullets of similar grain size distribution permits to reduce the dosage of the superplasticizer admixture to obtain the same workability of fresh mortar; it does not affect significantly the mechanical performances, the water vapour permeability and the capillary water absorption but it reduces significantly the drying shrinkage deformation. The used recycled glass is classified as no reactive in terms of alkali–silica reaction neither in water nor in NaOH solution following the parameters of the current normative, even in the absence of the hydrophobic admixture. The hydrophobic admixture further delays the expansion trigger but not the speed of its propagation.

References

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Research Paper

Optimizing the Pavement Quality Concrete Mixes (PQC) using Combined Graphical Approach

Hossein Khazaei* , P. Sravana**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Khazaei, H., and Sravana, P. (2020). Optimizing the Pavement Quality Concrete Mixes (PQC) using Combined Graphical Approach. i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering, 10(4), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.10.4.17477

Abstract

Optimization of concrete mixing design is one of the important concerns of researchers in this filed. So far, various methods have been developed to optimize and predict the effect of aggregate characteristics and enhance the properties of concrete mixtures. Many efforts have been made to optimize the concrete mix. But it cannot be claimed that such a technique has been proposed so far. Each proposed method and model have its own advantages and limitations. This can lead to time, a large amount of design testing (EOD), the magnitude of approximate errors, the invalidity of areas outside the scope of the factors under review, and ultimately cost-effectiveness. The strength and durability of concrete in many cases be subject to on variables such as mix ratio, aggregates properties and characteristics, coarse and fine aggregate ratio, compaction method, curing period, gradation, packaging density, and wherein effect the strength and durability of fresh and hardened concrete. Combined Graphical Method (CGM) is a combination of traditional and modern concrete optimization methods which has a special emphasis on the properties and characteristics of the aggregates. This method is intended for concrete pavement mix to determine the C / F ratio consisting of coarse aggregates of 10, 20 and 38 mm and fine aggregates including river sand and mine.

References

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Review Paper

Copper Slag Utilization in Paving Sustainable Asphalt Roads

Neeraj Kumar Chaubey* , Arun Kumar Mishra**

*-** Department of Civil Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology (MMMUT), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Chaubey, N. K., and Mishra, A. K. (2020). Copper Slag Utilization in Paving Sustainable Asphalt Roads. i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering, 10(4), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.10.4.17469

Abstract

Copper Slag (CS) is obtained as a by-product from the copper industry having heavy metals in its constituents. Most of the developed countries have specification to use it as construction material. Despite this, large amount of CS is disposed of in stockpiles and this arises serious environmental problems across the globe. The production of asphalt mixes with CS as a replacement of natural aggregate (CA) would limit the environmental hazard. The purpose of this paper is to review the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of CS which could be utilized as road construction material in asphalt mixes. Several studies have found improved engineering properties of CS with RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement), HMA (Hot Mix Asphalt) and WMA (Warm Mix Asphalt) and suggested that 10-30% of CS as fine aggregate is satisfactory as optimum proportion in asphalt mix.

References

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[22]. Raposeiras, A. C., Movilla-Quesada, D., Bilbao- Novoa, R., Cifuentes, C., Ferrer-Norambuena, G., & Castro-Fresno, D. (2018). The use of copper slags as an aggregate replacement in asphalt mixes with RAP: physical–chemical and mechanical behavioural analysis. Construction and Building Materials, 190, 427-438. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.120

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[27]. Zain, M. F. M., Islam, M. N., Radin, S. S., & Yap, S. G. (2004). Cement-based solidification for the safe disposal of blasted copper slag. Cement and Concrete Composites, 26(7), 845-851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp. 2003.08.002

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i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering (JCE)

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