i-manager Publications

Pollution Studies Of Some Important Springs Of Zabarwan Mountains And Their Impact OnDal Lake Waters, Kashmir, India

Kaiser Bukhari*, B. A. Lone**

* Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

** Curator, Geology Department, University of Jammu, India.

Periodicity:March - May'2013
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.3.2.2269

Abstract

Twenty water samples (five each) of four springs of Zabarwan Mountains, Srinagar, Kashmir were analyzed on Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for various cations. The heavy metal elements concentration Ni, Cu, Fe, Pb and Mn were found above permissible limits; Ni, Pb, Mn and Fe being higher in Zeethyar and Cheshma Shahi Springs, Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn and Pb in Ishber and Fe in Durganag Spring. The comparison of average of these with the average of the samples from Dal-Lake waters indicates that the load of heavy metal concentration has been contributed by these springs. Among anions nitrate level of the springs is slightly on the higher side, though not alarming at present it may cause a health hazard in the whole region. Hardness and Ph values of all the samples are within the permissible ranges. The turbidity values of Ishber and Durganag springs are above permissible limits. The S.A.R. values (?26) and the S.S.P values (?60) indicate that the water of these springs can safely be used for agricultural purposes.

Keywords

Pollution, Springs, Zabarwan Mountains, Dal Lake, Srinagar, Kashmir

How to Cite this Article?

Bukhari, S. K., and Lone, B.A. (2013). Pollution Studies Of Some Important Springs Of Zabarwan Mountains And Their Impact On Dal Lake Waters, Kashmir, India. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 3(2),10-16. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.3.2.2269

References

[1]. Fotedar, B.K and Raina, AK(1993). “Pollution studies of Dal Lake waters, Srinagar, Kashmir”. 12th Conference of India Council of Chemists, 28-30 December, 1993, Warangal. Andhra Pradesh.

[2]. Fotedar, B.K and Singh, B.P (1994). “Pollution studies of Jajjar Kotli and its environs”. Kashmir Times, Sunday Magazine, May 22, p10

[3]. Gibbs, R., (1967). “Amazon River Environmental factors that control it's dissolved and Suspended load”. Science. v.156, pp 1734-37

[4]. GMap at zoom 15 - Google Terrain Map 634958 246884375000.png.

[5]. Horowitz, A, (1974). “The geochemistry of sediments from the northern Raykjanes Ridge and the Iceland Faeros”. Ridge. Marine Geology.P.17

[6]. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), 1991 Specifications of Drinking water, I.S.-10500, 1-5.

[7]. Khan, M.A, (1992). “Environmental pollution of Dal Lake-Mounting Concern”. Kashmir Times, Sunday Magazine, May 24, 1992.p.10

[8]. Koul, M.K, (1992). “Withering Dal Lake- Pollutions threatens the water body”. Kashmir Times, Sunday Magazine, July 12, 1992, P.8

[9]. Koul, B.K, (1993). “The dying Dal Lake”, Kashmir Times, the Sunday Magazine, July 12.1992.P.8

[10]. Koul, B.L., (1994). “Dying Dal Lake can still be revived”, Kashmir Times Independence Day Supplement, August 15, 1994, PA

[11]. Kudesia, V.P., (1989). Water Pollution. Praghati Prakashan Meerut, P 328-330.

[12]. Lickens, G.E., (1985). An Ecosystem Approach to aquatic ecology- Mirror Lake and its environment, Springer, Verlog, N.York.

[13]. Loan, F.M., (1973) Petrological studies of Shankeracharya Hill, Srinagar Kashmir (Unpublished M.Sc. Dissertation, Jammu University, Jammu.

[14]. Mitchell, C. (1988). Petrology and geochemistry of basaltic rocks of the Falkland Islands and Deccan Traps (India). D.Phil. Thesis, University of Oxford.

[15]. Pareek, H.S., (1988). Geochemical Evaluation of the Panjal Trap-The Jehlum Valley, Kashmir, Northwest Himalaya- to ascertain the magma type and tectonic environment of eruption. Ind. Geol. Soc. Assoc. 21(1), 89-102

[16]. Rodier, J., (1975). The analysis of H20, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

[17]. Singh, D.B.; Prasad, G.; Rupainwar, D.C. (1996). Adsorption technique for the treatment of As(V)-rich effluents. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol. 111 issue 1-2 June 3,. p. 49-56.

[18]. Srivastava U; Rupainwar D.C; Singh V.N. (1995), "Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride as a Complexing agent in the Separation of Cations using Cation and Anion-Exchange Chromatography", Journal of The Indian Chemical Society, 72(10), Pp. 759-761

[19]. W.H.O., (1984). World Health Organisation- Guide Lines for drinking water Quality. W.H.O. Geneva.

	North Americas,UK, Middle East,Europe		India	Rest of world
	USD	EUR	INR	USD-ROW
Pdf	35	35	200	20
Online	35	35	200	15
Pdf & Online	35	35	400	25

Pollution Studies Of Some Important Springs Of Zabarwan Mountains And Their Impact OnDal Lake Waters, Kashmir, India

Abstract

Keywords

How to Cite this Article?

References

If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Options for accessing this content: