i-manager Publications

A Review on Sustainable Utilization of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for the Production of Mortar and Concrete

Gaurav Maurya*, Kuldeep Kumar Varun**, Vishal Chauhan***, Praveen Kumar Yadav****

*-**** Department of Civil Engineering, I.T.S Engineering College, Greater Noida, India.

Periodicity:April - June'2024
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.14.2.20864

Abstract

The establishment of many industries produces a large amount of by-products in solid, semi-solid, and liquid form because industrial waste can be toxic or non-toxic in nature, causing serious damage to the environment. India has a vast network of existing industries, and in the future, many more will produce millions of tons of various by-product materials. Pollution and disposal problems can be reduced by using these materials effectively in civil engineering projects. This paper examined the evaluation of red mud produced in the alumina processing industry to determine its suitability as a construction material based on physical, chemical, and other civil engineering properties. Red mud is the fine-grained residue that remains after alumina has been extracted from bauxite ore. About 10 million metric tons of red mud waste is generated every year in India, causing very serious and alarming environmental problems. Neutralizing this red mud would be very beneficial, as it would reduce pollution. In addition, the neutralized red mud could be reused in construction mixes and as a raw material. The physical, chemical, and geotechnical characteristics of these waste materials were critically evaluated for this purpose. It was found that red mud can be used as building material.

Keywords

Red Mud, Alumina, Industrial Waste, Utilization, Construction Material, Concrete, Alkaline Waste.

How to Cite this Article?

Maurya, G., Varun, K. K., Chauhan, V., and Yadav, P. K. (2024). A Review on Sustainable Utilization of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for the Production of Mortar and Concrete. i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, 14(2), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jce.14.2.20864

References

[1]. Chvedov, D., Ostap, S., & Le, T. (2001). Surface properties of red mud particles from potentiometric titration. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 182(1-3), 131-141.

[2]. Deelwal, K., Dharavath, K., & Kulshreshtha, M. (2014). Evaluation of characteristic properties of red mud for possible use as a geotechnical material in civil construction. International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology, 7(3), 1053.

[3]. Dodoo-Arhin, D., Konadu, D. S., Annan, E., Buabeng, F. P., Yaya, A., & Agyei-Tuffour, B. (2013). Fabrication and characterisation of Ghanaian bauxite red mud-clay composite bricks for construction applications. American Journal of Materials Science, 3(5), 110-119.

[4]. Gangadhara Reddy, N., & Hanumantha Rao, B. (2016). Evaluation of the compaction characteristics of untreated and treated red mud. In Geo-Chicago 2016 (pp. 23-32).

[5]. Ghosh, P. K. (2009). Utilization of Aluminium Waste and Pond Ash for Construction of Embankments. Rourkela.

[6]. Gray, D. H., & Somogyi, F. (1974). Engineering Properties and Dewatering Charasteriscics of Red Mud Tailings. Researchgate.

[7]. Hanumantha Rao, B., & Gangadhara Reddy, N. (2017). Zeta potential and particle size characteristics of red mud waste. Geoenvironmental Practices and Sustainability: Linkages and Directions (pp. 69-89).

[8]. Hind, A. R., Bhargava, S. K., & Grocott, S. C. (1999). The surface chemistry of Bayer process solids: A review. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 146(1-3), 359-374.

[9]. Hoang, M. D., & Do, Q. M. (2020). Effect of curing regime on properties of red mud based alkali activated materials. Construction and Building Materials, 259, 119779.

[10]. Hyeok-Jung, K., Kang, S. P., & Choe, G. C. (2018). Effect of red mud content on strength and efflorescence in pavement using alkali-activated slag cement. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 12, 1-9.

[11]. Kang, S. P., & Kwon, S. J. (2017). Effects of red mud and alkali-activated slag cement on efflorescence in cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 133, 459-467.

[12]. Kehagia, F. (2010). A successful pilot project demonstrating the re-use potential of bauxite residue in embankment construction. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(7), 417-421.

[13]. Kim, S. Y., Jun, Y., Jeon, D., & Oh, J. E. (2017). Synthesis of structural binder for red brick production based on red mud and fly ash activated using Ca (OH) 2 and Na2CO3. Construction and Building Materials, 147, 101-116.

[14]. Li, L. Y. (1998). Properties of red mud tailings produced under varying process conditions. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 124(3), 254-264.

[15]. Liu, X., & Zhang, N. (2011). Utilization of red mud in cement production: A review. Waste Management & Research, 29(10), 1053-1063.

[16]. Parekh, B. K., & Goldberger, W. M. (1976). An Assessment of Technology for Possible Utilization of Bayer Process Muds (Vol. 1). Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory.

[17]. Power, G., Gräfe, M., & Klauber, C. (2011). Bauxite residue issues: I. Current management, disposal and storage practices. Hydrometallurgy, 108(1-2), 33-45.

[18]. Qi, J. Z., Yang, J., Wang, M., & Xiao, B. (2005). Experimental Research on Road Materials of Red Mud. University of Huazhong Science and Technology: Wuhan.

[19]. Qiu, X. R., & Qi, Y. Y. (2011). Reasonable utilization of red mud in the cement industry. Cem Technology, 6, 103-105.

[20]. Rai, S., Wasewar, K., Mukhopadhyay, J., Yoo, C. K., & Uslu, H. (2012). Neutralization and utilization of red mud for its better waste management. World, 6, 5410.

[21]. Rao, C. H. V. H., Naidu, P. G., Satyanyarana, P. V. V., & Adiseshu, S. (2012). Application of GGBS stabilized red mud in road construction. IOSR Journal of Engineering, 2(8), 14-20.

[22]. Rout, S. K., Sahoo, T., & Das, S. K. (2013). Design of tailing dam using red mud. Central European Journal of Engineering, 3, 316-328.

[23]. Satayanarayana, P. V. V., Naidu, G., Adiseshu, S., & Rao, C. (2012). Characterization of lime stabilized red mud mix for feasibility in road construction. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 3(7), 20-26.

[24]. Somogyi, F., & Gray, D. H. (1977). Engineering Properties Affecting Disposal of Red Muds. ASCE, New York.

[25]. Sundaram, R., & Gupta, S. (2010). Constructing foundations on red mud. In 6th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics (pp. 1172-1175).

[26]. Wang, H. M. (2011). The comprehensive utilization of red mud. Shanxi Energy Conserv, 11, 58-61.

[27]. Yang, J. K., Chen, F., Hou, J., & Xiao, B. (2006). Engineering Application of Basic Level Materials of Red Mud High Level Pavement. China Munic.

[28]. Yang, L. G., Yao, Z. L., & Bao, D. S. (1996). Pumped and cemented red mud slurry filling mining method. Mining Research Development, 16, 18-22.

A Review on Sustainable Utilization of Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) for the Production of Mortar and Concrete

Abstract

Keywords

How to Cite this Article?

References

If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Options for accessing this content:

	North Americas,UK, Middle East,Europe		India	Rest of world
	USD	EUR	INR	USD-ROW
Pdf	35	35	200	20
Online	35	35	200	15
Pdf & Online	35	35	400	25