ERT-Based EFL Instruction and Assessment: Student Reflections on L2 Skill Development

Didem Erdel*
Department of English Language and Literature, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey.
Periodicity:October - December'2022
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jelt.12.4.18754

Abstract

This paper presents a reflective account of tertiary level Turkish learners of English language about their emergency remote learning experiences amid Covid-19 pandemic. The participants of this case study were the preparatory year students of the English Language and Literature undergraduate programme at Iğdır University in two successive years, covering the second half of the 2019–2020 spring semester and the entire 2020–2021 academic year. In an online survey form of open-ended questions, the students were asked to reflect on their experiences during the instruction and assessment processes of pandemic-driven Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) with a specific focus on the development of foreign language skills. Student answers were coded through thematic analysis, and the main themes and categories were determined. The findings indicated both the affordances and shortcomings of ERT. Reflecting on their performance in the instruction and assessment practices, the students reported improvement in all language skill areas to varying extents, most effectively in writing, along with challenges, especially in the development of oral skills (speaking and listening) and in the assessment of productive skills (writing and speaking). The reasons are discussed in the light of available literature, and implications for future experiences are provided.

Keywords

Emergency Remote Teaching, ERT, EFL, L2 Skill Development.

How to Cite this Article?

Erdel, D. (2022). ERT-Based EFL Instruction and Assessment: Student Reflections on L2 Skill Development. i-manager’s Journal on English Language Teaching, 12(4), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.26634/jelt.12.4.18754

References

[1]. Akbana, Y. E., Rathert, S., & AĞÇAM, R. (2021). Emergency remote education in foreign and second language teaching. Turkish Journal of Education, 10(2), 97-124. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.865344
[2]. Al Shlowiy, A., Al-Hoorie, A. H., & Alharbi, M. (2021). Discrepancy between language learners and teachers concerns about emergency remote teaching. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 37(6), 1528-1538. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12543
[3]. Altavilla, J. (2020). How technology affects instruction for English learners. Phi Delta Kappan, 102(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721720956841
[4]. Athip, T., Savika, V., & Vorakorn, T. (2021). Language education in emergencies: A systematic review. Journal of Language and Education, 7(4), 183-197. https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2021.12462
[5]. Azionya, C. M., & Nhedzi, A. (2021). The digital divide and higher education challenge with emergency online learning: analysis of tweets in the wake of the Covid-19 lockdown. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(4), 164-182. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1002822
[6]. Badrkhani, P. (2021). How a catastrophic situation turns into an exceptional opportunity: Covid-19 pandemic in Iran and challenges of online education for new English language educators. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1956545
[7]. Balbay, S., & Erkan, G. (2021). Online language learning in times of crisis: Hindrance or opportunity? Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 4(3), 448-463. https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.936827
[8]. Benadla, D., & Hadji, M. (2021). EFL students affective attitudes towards distance e-learning based on moodle platform during the covid-19 the pandemic: perspectives from Dr. MoulayTahar University of Saida, Algeria. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on Covid 19, 55-67. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/covid.4
[9]. Betoncu, O., Faslı, F. G., & Ozdamli, F. (2021). Designing an effective learning environment for language learning during covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 3987. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752083
[10]. Billings, E., & Lagunoff, R. (2020). Supporting English Learners during School Closures: Considerations for Designing Distance Learning Experiences. Crisis Response Resource. WestEd, California.
[11]. Bozavli, E. (2021). Is foreign language teaching possible without school? Distance learning experiences of foreign language students at Ataturk University during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 12(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol12no1.1
[12]. Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-6.
[13]. Bozkurt, A., Jung, I., Xiao, J., Vladimirschi, V., Schuwer, R., Egorov, G., ... & Paskevicius, M. (2020). A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-126. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3878572
[14]. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
[15]. Bülent, B. A. Y., Karataş, F., & Üstün, B. (2021). Yabancı dil hazırlık sınıfı öğrencileri perspektifinden pandemi sürecinde uzaktan eğitim: Fenomenolojik bir çalışma. Diyalog Interkulturelle Zeitschrift Für Germanistik, 9(1), 184-203. https://doi.org/10.37583/diyalog.958496
[16]. Charkova, A., & Somova, E. (2021). Students'perceptions of the effectiveness of online distance language teaching in higher education during the covid-19 pandemic. Chuzhdoezikovo Obuchenie- Foreign Language Teaching, 386-397. https://doi.org/10.53656/for21.410stu
[17]. Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage Publications.
[18]. Dizon, G., & Thanyawatpokin, B. (2021). Emergency Remote Language Learning: Student Perspectives of L2 Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The JALT CALL Journal, 17(3), 349-370. https://doi.org/10.29140/jaltcall.v17n3.431
[19]. Dolmaci, M., & Dolmaci, A. (2020). Yabanci dil hazirlik sinifindaki üniversite öğrencilerinin eş zamanli uzaktan eğitim ile ilgili görüşleri. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 657-684. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.782906
[20]. Durak, G., Çankaya, S., & İzmirli, S. (2020). Examining the Turkish universities' distance education systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 14(1), 787-809. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.743080
[21]. Erarslan, A. (2021). English language teaching and learning during Covid-19: A global perspective on the first year. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 4(2), 349-367. https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.907757
[22]. Freddi, M. (2021). Reflection on digital language teaching, learning, and assessment in times of crisis: a view from Italy. The World Universities' Response to COVID-19: Remote Online Language Teaching, Research-Publishing.Net, 279-293.
[23]. Gacs, A., Goertler, S., & Spasova, S. (2020). Planned online language education versus crisis prompted online language teaching: Lessons for the future. Foreign Language Annals, 53(2), 380-392. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12460
[24]. González-Lloret, M. (2019). Technology and L2 pragmatics learning. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 39, 113-127. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190519000047
[25]. Hartshorn, K. J., & McMurry, B. L. (2020). The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on ESL learners and TESOL practitioners in the United States. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 2(2), 140-156. https://doi.org/10.46451/ijts.2020.09.11
[26]. Hodges, C. B., Moore, S., Lockee, B. B., Trust, T., & Bond, M. A. (2020). The Difference between Emergency Remote Teaching and Online Learning. Retrieved from https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/104648
[27]. Huang, M., Shi, Y., & Yang, X. (2021). Emergency remote teaching of English as a foreign language during COVID-19: Perspectives from a university in China. IJERI: International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, (15), 400-418. https://doi.org/10.46661/ijeri.5351
[28]. Juárez-Díaz, C., & Perales, M. (2021). Language teachers' emergency remote teaching experiences during the COVID-19 confinement. Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development, 23(2), 121-135. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v23n2.90195
[29]. Kamal, M. I., Zubanova, S., Isaeva, A., & Movchun, V. (2021). Distance learning impact on the English language teaching during COVID-19. Education and Information Technologies, 26(6), 7307-7319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10588-y
[30]. Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Shield, L. (2008). An overview of mobile assisted language learning: From content delivery to supported collaboration and interaction. ReCALL, 20(3), 271-289. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344008000335
[31]. Mahyoob, M. (2020). Challenges of e-learning during the covid-19 pandemic experienced by EFL learners. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 11(4), 351-362. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol11no4.23
[32]. Nartiningrum, N., & Nugroho, A. (2020). Online learning amidst global pandemic: EFL students' challenges, suggestions, and needed materials. English Franca: Academic Journal of English Language and Education, 4(2), 115-140. http://doi.org/10.29240/ef.v4i2.1494
[33]. Octaberlina, L. R., & Muslimin, A. I. (2020). EFL students perspective towards online learning barriers and alternatives using moodle/google classroom during covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(6), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n6p1
[34]. Pandemi Sürecinde Online Eğitimin Verimliliğine İlişkin Öğrenci Anket Raporu. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://covid19.yok.gov.tr/Documents/anketler/ogrencianket-sonuclari.pdf
[35]. Rigo, F., & Mikuš, J. (2021). Asynchronous and synchronous distance learning of English as a foreign language. Media Literacy and Academic Research, 4(1), 89-106.
[36]. Şendoğan, K. (2020). Foreign language education during covid-19 pandemic: an evaluation from the perspectives of preparatory class students. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 1079-1090. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.788274
[37]. Sumardi, S., & Nugrahani, D. (2021). Adaptation to emergency remote teaching: Pedagogical strategy for pre-service language teachers amid COVID-19 pandemic. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 22(2), 81-93. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.906553
[38]. Talal, A. (2021). Online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspectives of English as foreign language students. Educational Research and Reviews, 16(7), 279-288. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2021.4169
[39]. The World Bank. (n.d.). The State of the Global Education Crisis: A Path to Recovery. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/36744
[40]. Todd, R. W. (2020). Teachers' perceptions of the shift from the classroom to online teaching. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 2(2), 4-16. https://doi.org/10.46451/ijts.2020.09.02
[41]. Tümen-Akyildiz, S., Çelik, V., & Ahmed, K. H. (2021). The impact of covid-19 pandemic on EFL classes through the lenses of secondary learners. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 9(4), 389-406. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v9i4.4210
[42]. Yükseköğretim Program Atlası. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/
[43]. Zimmerman, J. (2020). Coronavirus and the great online-learning experiment. Chronicle of Higher Education, 10(3).
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Online 15 15

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.