JFET_V12_N4_A1 Faheem Ahmed Malik Journal on Future Engineering and Technology 2230–7184 12 4 1 7 Autonomous Vehicles, Safety, Fuel Efficiency, Sustainability, Developing Countries In the early 20th century, people shifted from horse drawn vehicles to motorized vehicles. In the mid 21st century, we will be changing to Autonomous Vehicles (AV). There are certain perceptions about the safety, fuel efficiency, and the sustainability of autonomous vehicles. To justify huge investment that is required for the same and the required behavior driver change, sustainability and fuel efficiency are to be evaluated. This article looks at these challenges that Autonomous vehicles are facing and it is essential to evaluate them properly. It is also essential to evaluate the benefits of AVs in terms of these challenges. In this present world of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), any development in the developed countries has direct impact on the developing countries, even the opinions of the people. AVs present a lot of challenges and opportunities for developing countries such as India. May - July 2017 Copyright © 2017 i-manager publications. All rights reserved. i-manager Publications http://www.imanagerpublications.com/Article.aspx?ArticleId=13625