Healthcare Disparities for Low Socioeconomic Status and Skilled Facility Placement Options

Safiya Crocker*, Leslee Battle**
* Family Nurse Practitioner Student, Winston Salem State University, North Carolina, United States.
** Professor and Assistant Dean for Curriculum and Instruction, Division of Nursing, Winston Salem State University, North Carolina, United States.
Periodicity:May - July'2018
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jnur.8.2.14271

Abstract

The aim of this review is to gain a better understanding of the health care disparity among dual eligible beneficiaries. This paper aims to gain insight into the healthcare disparity between low-quality skilled nursing facilities and high-quality skilled nursing facilities. The long-term care placement process, the star ratings from the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare and the relationship between socioeconomic status and quality of care are vital points that will be addressed. Computerized search was done using the databases CINAHL and ProQuest with the search terms 'dual eligible beneficiaries', AND 'skilled nursing facility'. There was an inclusion criteria of English language, full text version available, published within the past 5 years, and content relevant to low socioeconomic status and quality care in skilled nursing facilities. There were 16 studies included in the literature review. Dual-eligible beneficiaries are more likely to be placed in low quality skilled nursing facilities resulting in poor health outcomes.

Keywords

Skilled Nursing Home Placement, Omnibus Budget Reconcilliation Act, Skilled Nursing Facility, Dual-Eligibility, Long-term Care Facility, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

How to Cite this Article?

Crocker,S., and Battle,L.(2018). Healthcare Disparities for Low Socioeconomic Status and Skilled Facility Placement Options. i-manager’s Journal on Nursing, 8(2), 34-39. https://doi.org/10.26634/jnur.8.2.14271

References

[1]. Avery, C., Humphrey, C., & Balany, J. A. (2014). Evaluation of five years of nursing home inspection forms: Structural and hygiene-related violation trends. Journal of Environmental Health, 77(4), 14-19.
[2]. Boccuti, C., Casillas, G., & Neuman, T. (2015). Reading the stars: Nursing home quality star ratings, nationally and by state. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/report-section/reading-the-stars-nursing- home-quality-star-ratings-nationally-and-by-state-issue- brief/
[3]. Burke, R. E., Lawrence, E., Ladebue, A., Ayele, R., Lippmann, B., Cumbler, E., ... & Jones, J. (2017). How hospital clinicians select patients for skilled nursing facilities. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 65(11), 2466- 2472.
[4]. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2018). Your Medicare coverage. Retrieved from https://www. medicare.gov/coverage/long-term-care.html
[5]. Doyle, D., Emmett, M., Crist, A., Robinson, C., & Grome, M. (2016). Improving the care of dual eligible patients in rural federally qualified health centers: The impact of care coordinators and clinical pharmacists. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 7(2), 118-121.
[6]. Gadbois, E. A., Tyler, D. A., & Mor, V. (2017). Selecting a skilled nursing facility for postacute care: Individual and family perspectives. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 65(11), 2459-2465.
[7]. Hakkarainen, T. W., Arbabi, S., Willis, M. M., Davidson, G. H., & Flum, D. R. (2016). Outcomes of patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities after acute care hospitalizations. Annals of Surgery, 263(2), 280-285.
[8]. Huang, Y., Chu, C., Ho, C., Lan, S., Hsieh, C., & Hsieh, Y. (2014). Decision-making factors affecting different family members regarding the placement of relatives in long-term care facilities. BMC Health Services Research, 14(1), 21-28.
[9]. Kalisch, B., & Lee, K. H. (2014). Staffing and job satisfaction: Nurses and nursing assistants. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(4), 465-471.
[10]. Kim, H., Charlesworth, C. J., McConnell, K. J., Valentine, J. B., & Grabowski, D. C. (2017). Comparing care for dual-eligibles across coverage models: Empirical evidence from Oregon. Medical Care Research and Review. doi: 10.1177/1077558717740206
[11]. National Center for Health Statistics. (2017). Health, United States, 2016: with chartbook on long-term trends in health. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ data/hus/hus16.pdf#092
[12]. Nazir, A., Little, M. O., & Arling, G. W. (2014). More than just location: Helping patients and families select an appropriate skilled nursing facility. Annals of Long-Term Care, 22(11), 30-34.
[13]. Ogunneye, O., Rothberg, M. B., Friderici, J., Slawsky, M. T., Gadiraju, V. T., & Stefan, M. S. (2015). The association between skilled nursing facility care quality and 30-day readmission rates after hospitalization for heart failure. American Journal Of Medical Quality, 30(3), 205-213.
[14]. Rahman, M., Gozalo, P., Tyler, D., Grabowski, D. C., Trivedi, A., & Mor, V. (2014a). Dual eligibility, selection of skilled nursing facility, and length of Medicare paid postacute stay. Medical Care Research and Review, 71(4), 384-401.
[15]. Rahman, M., Grabowski, D. C., Gozalo, P. L., Thomas, K. S., & Mor, V. (2014b). Are dual eligibles admitted to poorer quality skilled nursing facilities? Health Services Research, 49(3), 798-817.
[16]. Rahman, M., McHugh, J., Gozalo, P. L., Ackerly, D. C., & Mor, V. (2017). The contribution of skilled nursing facilities to hospitals' readmission rate. Health Services Research, 52(2), 656-675.
[17]. Stefanacci, R. G., & Riddle, A. (2016). Delivering on quality measures: Six new CMS SNF quality measures. Geriatric Nursing, 37(3), 231-234.
[18]. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2017). Long term care: Residential facilities, assisted living, and nursing homes. National Institute on Aging. Retrieved from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/ residential-facilities-assisted- living-and-nursing-homes
[19]. Van Cleave, J. H., Egleston, B. L., Brosch, S., Wirth, E., Lawson, M., Sullivan-Marx, E. M., & Naylor, M. D. (2017). Policy research challenges in comparing care models for Dual-Eligible Beneficiaries. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 18(2), 72-83.
[20]. Walsh, E. G., Wiener, J. M., Haber, S., Bragg, A., Freiman, M., & Ouslander, J. G. (2012). Potentially avoidable hospitalizations of dually eligible Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries from nursing facility and home-and community-based services waiver programs. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(5), 821-829.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Pdf 35 35 200 20
Online 35 35 200 15
Pdf & Online 35 35 400 25

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.