Microgrid and its Adaptive Protection

Aakash Kumar Seth*, Kuldeep Sahay**
* PG Scholar, Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, an Autonomous Constituent College of Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India.
** Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, an Autonomous Constituent College of Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India.
Periodicity:December - February'2017
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jcir.5.1.13544

Abstract

This paper summarizes the overview about the microgrid and the adaptive protection of the microgrid by using advance relay. Microgrid is a combination of interconnected loads, distributed energy resources (like PV cell, combine heat and power, wind energy, small hydro, etc.), and the storage unit (i.e. battery) within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. In adaptive protection scheme, relay changes its settings automatically when microgrid changes its operational state because the level of fault current is different in both working mode. The value of fault current is high in grid connected mode so the relay settings must be high and the fault current value is less in island mode, therefore the relay setting is less compared to the grid connected mode. Microgrid can operate in two modes, i.e. grid connected mode and islanded mode. A microgrid which has three switchboards (each switchboard has a generation unit and load) is designed and adaptive protection is implemented on it in Matlab/Simulink. The source of energy is wind in the entire generation unit and load is resistive of same power. Two fault locations have been taken into account in both the operating modes and the smallest portion of the load has been disconnected during fault time. Results of six cases have been discussed in both the fault locations and the status of microgrid circuit breaker is shown in the event table.

Keywords

Microgrid (MG), Microgrid Resource (MGR), Microgrid Disconnecting Device (MDD), Circuit Breaker (CB)

How to Cite this Article?

Seth, A. K., and Sahay, K. (2017). Microgrid and its Adaptive Protection. i-manager’s Journal on Circuits and Systems, 5(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcir.5.1.13544

References

[1]. Buigues G., Dysko, A., Valverde, V., Zamora, I., & Fernández, E. (2013). Microgrid Protection: Technical challenges and existing techniques. In International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality, 1, 222-227.
[2]. Ding, M., Zhang, Y., & Mao, M. (2009). Key technologies for microgrids: A review. In Sustainable Power Generation and Supply, 2009. Supergen '09. International Conference on, (pp. 1-5) IEEE.
[3]. Govardhan, M. D., & Roy, R. (2011). A Review on key issues of microgrid. In the Proceedings of the IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies – India (ISGT India), 322-327.
[4]. Hu, J., Zhang, T., Du, S., & Zhao, Y. (2015). An Overview on Analysis and Control of Microgrid System. In International Journal of Control and Automation, 8(6), 65- 76.
[5]. Kumar P.A., Shankar, J., & Nagaraju, Y. (2013). Protection Issues in Microgrid. In International Journal of Applied Control, Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJACEEE), 1(6), 19-30.
[6]. Oudalov, A., & Fidigatti, A. (2009). Adaptive network protection in microgrids. International Journal of Distributed Energy Source, 5(3), 201–205.
[7]. Priolkar, J.G., & Shet, V.N. (2013). A Review on Protection Issues in microgrid. In International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE), 2(1), 6-11.
[8]. Rockefeller, G.D., Wagner, C.L., Linders, J.R., Hicks, K.L., & Rizy, D.T. (1988). Adaptive Transmission Relaying Concepts for Improved Performance. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 3(4), 1446-1458.
[9]. Sharma, V., & Singh, I. (2015). Microgrids: A review. In International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(7), 126-130.
[10]. Shelke, G.J., & Shahakar, Y.D. (2013). A Methodology for Power System Protection using Digital Relay. In International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering (IJARCSSE), 3(12), 519- 527.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Pdf 35 35 200 20
Online 35 35 200 15
Pdf & Online 35 35 400 25

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.